The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Bibliotheca Nacional, by Xavier da Cunha
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Title: A Bibliotheca Nacional
Suas deficiencias e remedios d'essas deficiencias
Author: Xavier da Cunha
Release Date: December 11, 2010 [EBook #34622]
Language: Portuguese
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BIBLIOTHECA NACIONAL ***
Produced by Mike Silva
A
BIBLIOTHECA NACIONAL DE LISBOA
SUAS DEFICIENCIAS
E REMEDIOS D'ESSAS DEFICIENCIAS
THESE RELATADA PERANTE O CONGRESSO NACIONAL
NA SESSÃO NOCTURNA DE 23 DE MAIO DE 1910
POR
Xavier da Cunha
Propriedade e edição da
Secretaria Geral das Bibliothecas e Archivos Nacionaes--Lisboa
COIMBRA
Imprensa da Universidade
1910
A
BIBLIOTHECA NACIONAL DE LISBOA
SUAS DEFICIENCIAS
E REMEDIOS D'ESSAS DEFICIENCIAS
THESE RELATADA PERANTE O CONGRESSO NACIONAL
NA SESSÃO NOCTURNA DE 23 DE MAIO DE 1910
POR
Xavier da Cunha
Propriedade e edição da
Secretaria Geral das Bibliothecas e Archivos Nacionaes--Lisboa
COIMBRA
Imprensa da Universidade
1910
A BIBLIOTHECA NACIONAL DE LISBOA
Suas deficiencias e remedios d'essas deficiencias
(These relatada perante o Congresso Nacional na sessão nocturna de 23 de
Maio de 1910)
Convidado pela Academia de Sciencias de Portugal a escrever sobre
deficiencias das nossas Bibliothecas e remedios de taes deficiencias,
escolhi de preferencia, para objectivo de minhas considerações, a
Bibliotheca Nacional de Lisboa, em que, por Decreto de 27 de Novembro de
1902, tive a immerecida honra de ser nomeado Director.
Fundada em 1796 sob o titulo «Real Bibliotheca Pública da Côrte», ella
funccionou durante annos em salas da Praça do Commercio,--e foi só
depois de extinctas as ordens religiosas de Portugal que a Bibliotheca
veiu installar-se no Convento de San'-Francisco, onde existe ainda hoje,
sem todavia d'esse vasto edificio occupar mais do que uma parte, pois
que outras partes se acham destinadas a nellas se accommodarem a
Academia Real de Bellas Artes e as repartições do Governo Civil de
Lisboa.
Quando em 1844 José Feliciano de Castilho, Bibliothecario-Mór da
Bibliotheca Nacional de Lisboa, apresentou ao Ministro do Reino o
relatorio da sua diligentissima gerencia,--relatorio que se publicou
impresso, constituindo 4 volumes in-8.º,--queixava-se elle do improprio
logar que lhe prestava o destinado convento.
E tanto no tempo d'aquelle prestimoso funccionario, como egualmente em
quadras ulteriores, se teem por vezes dispendido sommas
importantes,--sem que todavia as condições do edificio hajam mudado a
ponto de o tornarem adequado ao fim que lhe destinaram; nem creio mesmo
que possam nunca taes desejos converter-se ahi numa realidade, pois que
(segundo o tem sempre mostrado a experiencia) de um convento nada mais
se pode fazer do que... outro convento.
Ora advirta-se que, no tempo de Castilho, a parte do Convento destinada
á Bibliotheca Nacional, posto que lhe escasseassem as condições
proprias, era ainda sufficientemente ampla para accommodação das
especies existentes.
E ainda em 1886, quando, por concurso de provas públicas, eu alli tive
ingresso, na categoria de Segundo-Conservador, sobejava o espaço a ponto
de poderem ser facultados gabinetes especiaes ao isolado trabalho de
certos estudiosos.
São todavia decorridos, desde então, pouco mais de vinte annos--e foi
quanto bastou para que a affluencia das especies, quotidianamente
adquiridas, invadisse todos os recantos,--assuberbando-nos o receio de
não termos em breve onde accommodar novas acquisições.
Nos meus relatorios trimestraes, que o _Boletim das Bibliothecas e
Archivos Nacionaes_ costuma sempre publicar, tenho eu frequentemente
instado por que nos sejam cedidos os aposentos occupados pelas
repartições do Governo Civil, transferindo-se essas para outro local,--e
no mesmo sentido representou depois a Academia Real das Sciencias de
Lisboa; infelizmente, porêm, similhantes instancias ainda até hoje não
obtiveram resultado algum.
Com a falta do espaço coincide a pobreza do mobiliario, e não sómente
pobreza, mas impropriedade. As estantes que a Bibliotheca Nacional
possue acham-se longe, muito longe, de corresponder ás condições
exigiveis para acondicionamento de especies raras e preciosas,
accrescendo a triste circumstancia de não ter a Bibliotheca, em sua
pequenissima dotação, recursos pecuniarios para a conveniente reforma de
taes estantes.
O mesmo direi com respeito á verba decretada para compra de livros,
assiguatura de revistas extrangeiras, e despeza indeclinavel de
incadernações: é escassissima, e deficientissima a quantia destinada
para taes incargos.
Escasso e deficiente é, não menos, o quadro dos funccionarios,--resultando
d'esse facto que ainda estão apenas em projecto (projecto por ora
platonico!) alguns dos mais indispensaveis Catalogos (v. g. um Catalogo
alphabetico geral por nomes de auctores; um Catalogo por tilulos de obras;
Catalogos methodicos das diversas especialidades; e um Catalogo-Diccionario
por especificação singular de materias, como actualmente se vai usando com
muito proveito nalgumas bibliothecas dos Estados Unidos da America).
Querem estas deficiencias significar pouco interêsse de quem na
Bibliotheca Nacional tem superintendido? por fórma nenhuma. Significam
ellas apenas a ausencia dos indispensaveis recursos.
Do impenho que altos funccionarios teem mostrado pelo ingrandecimento da
Bibliotheca, foram exemplos frisantes a personalidade distinctissima de
José Feliciano de Castilho (digno continuador de Antonio Ribeiro dos
Santos), a actividade energica de Silva Tullio (que frequentes vezes
desimpenhou interinamente as funcções de Bibliothecario-Mór), e o
incansavel zelo do erudito Director a quem succedi em 1902 na gerencia
da Bibliotheca (o Sr. Gabriel Pereira, que hoje exerce as funcções de
Inspector das Bibliothecas e Archivos Nacionaes).
Em conclusão do que deixo laconicamente expendido (e muito haveria que
particularizar sobre o assumpto), a Academia das Sciencias de Portugal,
que sobremaneira me distinguiu constituindo-me seu delegado e seu
interprete perante o Congresso Nacional, emitte os seguintes votos:
1.º--Que o Governo de Sua Majestade Fidelissima resolva proceder com a
maxima brevidade á construcçao de um edificio especial, destinado
exclusivamente á Bibliotheca Nacional de Lisboa, edificio por todas as
faces completamente isolado, e absolutamente disposto em harmonia com as
prescripções que para taes institutos determina a hygiene,--hygiene em
relação aos livros e mais especies congeneres, hygiene em relação aos
leitores, e hygiene em relação aos funccionarios;
2.º--Que o mesmo Governo proceda urgentemente á indispensavel ampliação
dos aposentos que actualmente usufrue a Bibliotheca Nacional, para que
esta, provisoriamente (emquanto se lhe não constróe definitivo
edificio), possa bem accommodar as suas especies;
3.º--Que á Bibliotheca sejam fornecidos os meios pecuniarios para
adquirir o mobiliario conveniente á boa arrumação e conservação das
especies na Bibliotheca arrecadadas;
4.º--Que a dotação annual da Bibliotheca Nacional seja sufficientemente
augmentada, para que se possam adquirir, por compra, importantissimas
obras, de que, perante a exiguidade ridicula da actual dotação, nos fica
tolhido alcançar exemplares;
5.º--Que o quadro do pessoal seja convenientemente ampliado com
funccionarios idoneos e que tenham o amor do officio, funccionarios
escolhidos sempre em concurso do provas públicas (concurso em que a
decisão do jury technico seja respeitada), funccionarios condignamente
remunerados,--conseguindo-se, por essa ampliação do quadro, organizar
num breve lapso de tempo todos os Catalogos indispensaveis á consulta
dos estudiosos, e realizar todos os mais serviços correlativos;
6.º--Que a todas as outras Bibliothecas públicas do nosso paiz se
appliquem, dentro das suas especiaes necessidades, e conforme as
circumstancias peculiares exijam, reformas analogas ás que ficam
summariamente expostas para a Bibliotheca Nacional de Lisboa.
End of Project Gutenberg's A Bibliotheca Nacional, by Xavier da Cunha
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