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Title: What is an index?
A few notes on indexes and indexers
Author: Henry B. Wheatley
Release date: December 21, 2025 [eBook #77518]
Language: English
Original publication: London: Longmans, Green & Co, 1879
Credits: Hannah Wilson, deaurider and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from scanned images of public domain material from the Google Books project.)
*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK WHAT IS AN INDEX? ***
WHAT IS AN INDEX?
INDEX SOCIETY.
PUBLICATIONS, 1878.
I.
WHAT IS AN INDEX?
A FEW NOTES
ON
INDEXES AND INDEXERS.
BY
HENRY B. WHEATLEY, F.S.A.
HON. SEC. OF THE INDEX SOCIETY, AND
TREASURER OF THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY.
“I for my part venerate the inventor of Indexes; and I know
not to whom to yield the preference, either to Hippocrates,
who was the first great anatomiser of the human body, or to
that unknown labourer in literature who first laid open the
nerves and arteries of a book.”--_Isaac Disraeli, Literary
Miscellanies._
“I magnify mine office.”
[Illustration]
LONDON:
PUBLISHED FOR THE INDEX SOCIETY
BY LONGMANS, GREEN & Co., 39, PATERNOSTER ROW.
MDCCCLXXIX.
_SECOND EDITION._
HERTFORD:
PRINTED BY STEPHEN AUSTIN AND SONS.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
HISTORICAL ACCOUNT.
Meaning of the word ‘Index,’ 7.--Early use of ‘Tables,’ 7.--Use of
the word ‘Index’ by the Romans, 8.--Its introduction into modern
languages, 8.--Naturalisation in English, 10.--Little used in other
languages, 11.--The word ‘pye,’ 11.--Opinions on Indexes, 12.--Of
Joseph Glanville, 11.--Of Thomas Fuller, 12.--Of S. Speed, 13.--Good
Index work, 13.--Prynne a sufferer in the cause of indexing,
13.--Extracts from the index to his Histrio-mastix, 14.--Power in the
indexer’s hands, 15.--Dr. William King’s malicious indexes, 16.--Index
to Bromley’s Travels made by a political enemy, 17.--Index to the
Biglow Papers, 18.--The author to make his own index, 19.--Monthly
Review on indexes, 19.--Opinion of William Oldys, 19.--Scaliger, an
eminent indexer, 20.--Antonio’s indexes, 20.--Baillet’s general index,
21.--Opinion of Bayle, 21.--Of Leigh Hunt, 22.--Specimens of indexes,
22.--Shenstone’s Schoolmistress, 22.--Richardson’s Novels, 23.--Tatler,
24.--Indexes by Maittaire, 24.--By Bowyer, 25.--By John Nichols,
25.--By Maty, 25.--By Ayscough, 25.--By E. H. Barker, 25.--Macaulay
an indexer, 25.--Contempt in which the calling has been held,
26.--Index-advocates: Mr. Thoms and Dr. Allibone, 27.--Baynes’s curse,
27.--Lord Campbell’s theory and practice not in accord, 28.--Early
compilation of concordances, 28.--Sir Henry Thring’s Instructions
for an Index to Statute Law, 29.--Opinion of Sir James Fitzjames
Stephen, 30.--Money voted by Parliament for indexes, 31.--Scientific
bibliography, 31.--Annual records of progress, 32.--Bibliography in
scientific periodicals, 33.--Poole’s Index, 35.--Indexes to catalogues,
36.--Revived interest in index work, 36.--Various proposals for the
formation of an Index Society, 36.--What can an Index Society do? 38.
PRACTICE OF INDEX-MAKING.
I.--COMPILATION.
Sir H. Thring’s Instructions, 41.--How the work should be set about,
42.--Specimens of bad headings, 42.--Justice Best’s ‘great mind,’
44.--Value of conciseness in the headings of an index, 45.--Need
for specification of the cause of reference, 45.--Uselessness of
the general Index to the Gentleman’s Magazine, 46.--Correctness of
reference an essential point, 47.--Is an incomplete index better
than none at all? 47.--Added information in an index, 48.--Blunders,
49.--Two men rolled into one, 50.--Names of men who never lived,
50.--French translations of names, 52.--Filling up of contractions,
53.--Use and abuse of cross references, 54.
II.--ARRANGEMENT.
Advantages of alphabetical order, 56.--One alphabet, not many,
56.--Disadvantages of classification, 57.--Statistics, 58.--Arrangement
by the English alphabet, 58.--What is a surname? 59.--Prepositions
and articles as prefixes, 59.--Compound names, 60.--Mistaken names,
60.--Latinised names, 61.--Christian names _v._ surnames, 61.--Noblemen
arranged under their titles, 62.--Bishops under their family names,
63.--Abuse of initials, 63.--Use of the title Mr., 64.--Oddities of
names, 64.--Lists of errata, 65.
III.--PRINTING.
The indexed word to the front, 66.--Marks of repetition, 67.--Absurd
use of the dash, 67.--Confusion between men of the same name, 68.
Rules for obtaining uniformity in the indexes of books, 71.
Preliminary List of English Indexes, 74.
INDEX 109
_WHAT IS AN INDEX?_
Before proceeding to answer the question that forms the title of this
pamphlet, it will be necessary to say somewhat on the history of the
word _Index_. It is now used very generally in English to express a
table of references arranged in alphabetical order and placed either at
the end or sometimes at the beginning of a book, but this is really one
only of its many meanings, and moreover not the earliest one. An index
is an indicator or pointer out of the position of required information,
such as the finger-post on a high road, or the index finger of the
human hand. In this general sense the word is used by Drayton:--
“Lest when my lisping, guilty tongue should halt, My lips might prove
the _index_ to my fault.”[1]
Such is still its meaning, and it is in this sense that the Index
Society would wish their title to be understood.
There is a group of words, viz. _Index_, _Table_, _Register_,
_Calendar_, _Summary_, and _Syllabus_, all of which were once generally
used with much the same signification; but as soon as _Index_ had been
recognized as a thoroughly English word, it beat its companions in the
race, although it had a long struggle with the word _Table_.
The need of some general indication of the contents of books was early
felt, and Seneca, in sending certain volumes to his friend Lucilius,
accompanied them with notes of particular passages, so that he, “who
only aimed at the useful might be spared the trouble of examining them
entire.” Thus it is that many of our old MSS. contain these helpful
tables of contents, which are usually headed by the Latin words
_Tabula_, _Calendarium_, etc. In Dan Michel’s _Ayenbite of Inwyt_
(1340) there is a very full Table with the heading--“Thise byeth the
capiteles of the boc volȝinde.”
With the invention of printing many time-saving expedients were
introduced, and one of these apparently was the alphabetical or
arranged index.
In tracing the history of the use of the word _Index_ two distinct
questions have to be considered--(1) the original use of the Latin word
by the Romans; and (2) the introduction of the word into the modern
languages and its naturalization in English. With regard to the first
question, we find that according to classical usage _Index_ denoted a
discoverer, discloser or informer; a catalogue or list (Seneca refers
to an Index of Philosophers); an inscription; the title of a book; and
the fore or index-finger, in reference to which Cicero makes a mild
joke. Writing to Atticus he says that Pollex told him that he would
be back by the 13th of August, and he came to Lanuvium on the 12th,
thus he is rightly called _Pollex_ and not _Index_, because the thumb
comes before the forefinger. Cicero also uses the word to express
the table of contents to a book, for he asks Atticus to send him two
library clerks to repair his books, and they are to bring with them
some parchment to make indexes on. Had he only used the word _Index_ we
might have been in doubt as to what he really meant, but fortunately
he added “which you Greeks call a _Syllabus_,” and the meaning thus
becomes clear.[2]
As to the second question, we may infer, from the use of _Index_ in
the nominative instead of the accusative case, that the word came into
English through literature and not through speech. The Italian word is
_Indice_, which comes directly from the Latin accusative, and it is
perhaps this form (though it may be the French word _Indice_) that Ben
Jonson uses when he writes “too much talking is ever the _indice_ of a
fool.”[3]
The most celebrated of Indexes, the _Index librorum prohibitorum_ and
_Index Expurgatorius_ of the Roman Catholic Church, are not indexes in
the modern acceptation of the term, but partake more of the character
of what we should now call Registers. Erasmus gives alphabetical
indexes to many of his books, but arrangement in alphabetical order
was by no means considered indispensable in an Index; thus in a curious
and learned work published at Amsterdam, in 1692, we find an “Index
Generalissimus” (Table of Contents); an “Index Generalis” (Synopsis of
Subjects or Heads of Chapters) at the beginning of the volume, and an
“Index Alphabeticus” at the end.
It is with the general meaning of a table of contents or preface that
Shakespeare uses the word Index, thus Nestor says--
“Our imputation shall be oddly poised
In this wild action; for the success,
Although particular, shall give a scantling
Of good or bad unto the general;
And in such _indexes_,[4] although small pricks
To their _subsequent volumes_, there is seen
The baby figure of the giant mass
Of things to come at large.”--_Troilus and Cressida_, i. 3.
Buckingham threatens--
“I’ll sort occasion
As _index_ to the story we late talk’d of,
To part the queen’s proud kindred from the king.”
--_Richard III._ ii. 2.
and Iago refers to “an _index_ and obscure prologue to the history of
lust and foul thoughts.”--_Othello_, ii. 1.
All these passages seem clearly to illustrate the old meaning of the
word, but in the following places something more appears to be meant.
Queen Margaret alludes to “the flattering index of a direful pageant”
(_Rich. III._ iv. 4), probably with some reference to a special setting
out of the contents, like the posters for the newspapers of to-day,
which usually promise far more than the papers themselves fulfil. The
Queen in _Hamlet_ (iii. 4) cries out--
“Ay me, what act
That roars so loud and thunders in the _index_?”
Meaning to say--if this prologue or setting forth of what is to follow
is so fierce, what will the accusation itself be?
Although we find from these quotations that the word ‘index’ was
commonly used, it was not generally introduced into books as a
thorough English word until a much later period; for instance,
North’s translation of Plutarch’s Lives, the book so diligently used
by Shakespeare in the production of his Roman Histories, contains
an alphabetical index at the end, but it is called a _Table_. On
the title-page of Baret’s _Alvearie_ (1573) mention is made of “two
_Tables_ in the ende of this booke,” but the Tables themselves, which
were compiled by Abraham Fleming,[5] being lists of the Latin and
French words, are headed “Index.” Between these two tables, in the
edition of 1580, is “an Abecedarie, _Index_ or Table” of Proverbs.
The word Index is not included in the body of the Dictionary, where,
however, “Table” and “Regester” are inserted. Table is defined as
“a booke or regester for memorie of things,” and “Regester” as “a
reckeninge booke wherein thinges dayly done be written.” By this it is
clear that Baret did not consider Index to be an English word.[6] At
the end of Johnson’s edition of Gerarde’s Herbal (1636) is an “Index
latinus” followed by a “Table of English names,” although a few years
previously Minsheu had given _Index_ a sort of half-hearted welcome
into his Dictionary. Under that word in the _Guide into Tongues_ (1617)
is the entry “vide Table in Booke, in litera T.,” where we read “a
Table in a booke or Index.” Even when acknowledged as an English word,
it was frequently applied to a more severe list than the analytical
table; for instance, Dugdale’s Warwickshire contains an “Index of Towns
and Places” and a “Table of Men’s Names and Matters of most note”; and
Scobell’s Acts and Ordinances of Parliament, 1640-1656 (publ. 1658)
has “An Alphabetical Table of the most material contents of the whole
book,” preceded by “An Index of the general titles comprized in the
ensuing Table.” There are a few exceptions to the rule here set forth;
for instance, Pliny’s _Naturall Historie of the World_, translated
by Philemon Holland (1601), has at the beginning--“The Inventorie
or Index containing the contents of 37 bookes,” and at the end “An
Index pointing to the principal matters.” In Speed’s _History of Great
Britaine_ (1611) there is an “Index or Alphabetical Table containing
the principal matters in this history.”
About the latter half of the seventeenth century the race for supremacy
between _Index_ and _Table_ was well-nigh closed in favour of the
former, but the word Table was occasionally used up to a much later
period. A very late instance occurs in the _Monthly Review_ commenced
in 1749. At the beginning of each volume is an alphabetical index of
books reviewed called a _Table_, and at the end is an Index of the
remarkable passages in the articles which is styled _Index_. By the
present English usage, according to which the word _table_ is reserved
for the summary of the contents as they occur in the book, and the
word _index_ for the arranged analysis of the contents, we obtain an
advantage not enjoyed in other languages, for the French _Table_ is
used for both kinds, as is _Indice_ in Italian and Spanish.
The French word _indice_ has a different meaning from the Italian
_indice_, and in fact is not the same word. According to Littré it is
derived from the Latin _indicium_. The word _index_ in French is pretty
well confined to tables of Latin and Greek, as it once was in English,
although it is used by Bossuet in a more general sense. In German
_Index_ is occasionally used, but the regular word is _Register_.
In concluding this philological inquiry it will only be necessary to
repeat the remark with which we commenced, that although the word
_index_ is used to express a particular kind of arranged list, it
has also the wider meaning of a general indicator. Thus the words
Inventory, Register, Calendar, Catalogue, Summary, and Syllabus will
all find their respective places under the general heading of Index
work.[7]
As books increased, the need of indexes could not fail to be very
generally felt; but authors, while praising them, often thought
it necessary to warn their readers against the dangers of mere
“index learning.” Thus John Glanville writes in his _Vanity of
Dogmatizing_:--“Methinks ’tis a pitiful piece of knowledge that can be
learnt from an index, and a poor ambition to be rich in the inventory
of another’s treasure.” Dr. Watts alludes to those whose “learning
reaches no farther than the tables of contents,” but he also says, “If
a book has no index or good table of contents, ’tis very useful to make
one as you are reading it.”
Fuller very wisely argues that the diligent man should not be deprived
of a tool because the idler may misuse it. He says, “An Index is a
necessary implement and no impediment of a book except in the same
sense wherein the carriages [i.e. things carried] of an army are termed
_impedimenta_. Without this a large author is but a labyrinth without
a clue to direct the reader therein. I confess there is a lazy kind
of learning which is only indical, when scholars (like adders, which
only bite the horse’s heels) nibble but at the tables, which are calces
librorum, neglecting the body of the book. But though the idle deserve
no crutches (let not a staff be used by them but on them), pity it
is the weary should be denied the benefit thereof, and industrious
scholars prohibited the accommodation of an index, most used by those
who most pretend to contemn it.” I have heard the same objection urged
to-day, but surely it is a mere delusion. There are many easier means
by which the sciolist may obtain a smattering of knowledge without
consulting an Index. No useful information can thus be gained unless
the books to which the Index refers are searched, and he who honestly
searches ceases to be a smatterer.
Fuller was a true Index-connoisseur, and in his “Pisgah-sight of
Palestine” (1650) he gives necessary directions for the use of the
Index, where he says, “An Index is the bag and baggage of a book, of
more use then honour; even such who seemingly slight it, secretly
using it, if not for need, for speed of what they desire to finde.”
Whatever Fuller touched he made sparkle, and no one but he could have
written such lively sentences as the following on a subject usually
thought to be so dry:--“And thus by God’s assistance we have finished
our table. Miraculous almost was the execution done by David on the
Amalekites who saved neither man nor woman alive to bring tidings to
Gath. I cannot promise such exactness in our Index, that no name hath
escaped our enquiry: some few, perchance, hardly slipping by, may
tell tales against us. This I profess, I have not, in the language of
some modern quartermasters, wilfully burnt any towns, and purposely
omitted them; and hope that such as have escaped our discovering, will
upon examination appear either not generally agreed on, by authors,
for proper names, or else by proportion falling without the bounds of
Palestine. Soli Deo gloria.” Of the same mind with Fuller that the
Index is a most important part of a work was the Italian physician
mentioned by Mdlle. de Scudery, who dedicated each book of his
Commentary on the Aphorisms of Hippocrates to one of his friends, and
the Index to another. Those who hold the contrary opinion are either
jealous that others will obtain their knowledge too easily, or they do
not relish the trouble of preparing an Index. The publisher of Howell’s
“Discourse concerning the Precedency of Kings” (1664) was one of the
latter class, although he puts forward a more plausible reason for his
neglect in this letter from “The Bookseller to the Reader.” “The reason
why there is no Table or Index added hereunto is, that every page in
this work is so full of signal remarks that were they couch’d in an
Index it wold make a volume as big as the book, and so make the Postern
Gate to bear no proportion to the Building. S. Speed.”
Each generation must do its own work, and although benefit is gained
from all that has gone before, it often forgets the obligation
it is under to preceding ages. An Index therefore is a standing
warning against forgetfulness, and accurate reference to forgotten
work is almost equal to a new discovery. The value of indexes was
recognized in the earliest times, and many old books have full
and admirably-constructed indexes; for instance, Juan de Pineda’s
“Monarchia Ecclesiastica o historia Universal del Mundo,” (_Salamanca_,
1588,) has a very curious and valuable table which forms the fifth
volume of the whole set; and the three folio volumes of Indexes in one
alphabet to the _Annales Ecclesiastici_ of Baronius form a noble work.
Indexes need not necessarily be dry, and in some cases they form
the most interesting portion of a book. The Index to Prynne’s
_Histrio-mastix_ (1633), unlike the text, is very readable, and from
it may be obtained a sufficient idea of the author’s argument. Prynne
deserves especial mention here, as he may be considered as a martyr
to his conscientiousness in producing this useful key to the contents
of his ponderous volume. No one could read through the book, with its
notes overflowing into the margin, so the licenser got confused and
passed it in despair. Carlyle refers to the _Histrio-mastix_ as “a book
still extant but never more to be read by mortal.” The vituperation
however was easily understood when boiled down in an alphabetical form,
and Attorney-General Noy found that the author himself had forged the
weapons that the prosecutor could use in the attack. This is proved
by a passage in Noy’s speech at Prynne’s trial, where he points out
that the accused “says Christ was a Puritan in his Index.”[8] It has
been observed that the author scarcely ventures on the most trivial
opinion without calling to his aid “squadrons of authorities” from the
writers of all nations, and in a book which contains this passage--“the
profession of a Play-poet or the composing of comedies, tragedies or
such like Playes for publike players or play-houses is altogether
infamous and unlawfull,” he is more ready to mention the Greek and
Latin dramatists than those of our own country. A few of the entries
in the Index are worth particular notice. In this one the indexer does
not commit himself, but he infers much--“Æschylus one of the first
inventors of tragedies. His strange and sudden death.” Here are some
heavy charges against theatres--
“Idleness, a dangerous mischevous sin occasioned and fomented
by stage plays.
Impudency, a dangerous sin occasioned by stage plays.
Lyes condemned, frequent in plays.
Sedition occasioned by stage plays.”
The index is full of the judgments which are supposed to follow the
acting of plays, of which the following are specimens:--
“Herod Agrippa smitten in the theater by an angel and so died.
Herod the great, the first erecter of a theater among the Jews,
who thereupon conspire his death.
Plagues occasioned by stage plays. All the Roman actors
consumed by a plague.
Theatres overturned by tempests.”
The author appears to have been very conversant with the doings of the
unseen worlds, for he writes--
“Crossing of the face when men go to plays shuts in the Devil.
Devils, inventors and fomentors of stage plays and dancing.
Have stage plays in hell every Lord’s day night.
Heaven--no stage plays there.”
In the following entry the word _and_ probably seemed most natural to
Prynne:--
“Players, many of them Papists _and_ most desperate wicked
wretches.”
But it was the strong terms in which women actors are denounced, and
such entries as the following, that gave the greatest offence to the
Court:[9]--
“Acting of popular or private enterludes for gain or pleasure
infamous, unlawfull, and that as well for Princes, Nobles,
Gentlemen, Schollars, Divines as common actors.
Kings--infamous for them to act or frequent Playes or favour
Players.”
The Indexer has a considerable power in his hand if he chooses to use
it, for he can state in a few words what the author may have hidden in
verbiage, and he can so arrange his materials as to force the reader
to draw an inference. Macaulay knew how an author’s own words might
be turned against himself, and therefore he wrote to his publishers,
“Let no d---- Tory make the Index to my History.” In the Index to the
eighth volume of the _Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature, and
the Arts_, 1820, is the following entry:--
“Watts (Mr.), illiberal remarks of, on Captain Kater’s
experiments.”
Mr. Watts was displeased at the use of the uncomplimentary adjective
and complained to the Editor. In the Notices to Correspondents at the
beginning of the tenth volume we read:--“The Editor begs to apologize
to Mr. Watts for the term ‘illiberal’ used in the index of vol. 8 of
this Journal. It escaped his observation till Mr. Watts pointed it
out.” Mr. Hill Burton, in his _Book Hunter_, very justly observes of a
controversialist that after almost exhausting his weapons of attack in
the preface, and in the body of the book, “if he be very skilful he may
let fly a few Parthian arrows from the Index.” The witty Dr. William
King, Judge of the Irish Court of Admiralty, was one of the first to
see how formidable a weapon of attack the Index might be made, and
Disraeli calls him the inventor of satirical and humorous indexes. His
earliest essay in this field was the index added to the second edition
of that clever but shallow work written by the Christ Church wits in
the name of the Hon. Charles Boyle--“Dr. Bentley’s Dissertation on the
Epistles of Phalaris and the Fables of Æsop examin’d,” 1698. The first
entry is
“Dr. Bentley’s true story of the MS. prov’d false by the
testimonies of
Mr. Bennet p. 6
Mr. Gibson p. 7
Dr. King p. 8
Dr. Bentley p. 19;”
then comes “his modesty and decency in contradicting great men,”
followed by the names of Plato, Selden, Grotius, Erasmus, Scaliger,
and ending with _everybody_. The last entry is--“his profound skill in
criticism; _from beginning to end_.” After the publication of this book
there was silence for a time which caused some to suppose that Bentley
was beaten, but at last appeared the ‘immortal’ _Dissertation_, as
Porson calls it, which not only defeated his enemies, but positively
annihilated them. In the same year that King assisted Boyle he turned
his attention to a less formidable antagonist than the great Bentley.
His _Journey to London_, 1698, is a very ingenious parody of Dr.
Martin Lister’s _Journey to Paris_, and the pages of the original
being referred to, it forms an Index to that book. Sir Hans Sloane
was another of Dr. King’s butts, and the _Transactioneer_ (1700)
and _Useful Transactions in Philosophy_ (1708-9) were very galling
to the distinguished naturalist, and annoyed the Royal Society,
whose _Philosophical Transactions_ were unmercifully laughed at.
To both these tracts were prefixed satirical contents, and what
made them the more annoying was that the author’s own words were
very ingeniously used and turned against him. King writes, “The
bulls and blunders which Sloane and his friends so naturally pour
forth cannot be misrepresented, so careful I am in producing them.”
Such an effective mode of annoyance, when once discovered, was not
likely to be overlooked, and we find it used soon afterwards with a
political object. William Bromley, a Tory Member of Parliament and
high churchman, had made the grand tour in early life, and published
“Remarks made in his Travels in 1693.” In 1705 he was a candidate for
the Speakership, and his opponents took the opportunity of reprinting
his Travels with a satirical Index as an electioneering squib. This
Index is very amusing, and in some instances the text bears it out,
but in others there is a malicious perversion. The following are a
selection from the entries:--
“Chatham, where and how situated, viz. on the other side of
Rochester bridge, though commonly reported to be on this side,
p. 1.
Boulogne, the first city on the French shore, lies on the
coast, p. 2.
Crosses and crucifixes on the roads in France prove it not
England, p. 3.
Eight pictures take up less room than sixteen of the same size,
p. 14.
February an ill season to see a garden in, p. 53.
Three several sorts of wine drank by the author out of one
vessel, p. 101.
The English Jesuites Colledge at Rome may be made larger than
’tis by uniting other Buildings to it, p. 132.
The Duchess dowager of Savoy who was grandmother to the present
Duke was mother to his father, p. 243.
An university in which degrees are taken, p. 249.”
In the Bodleian copy of this book there is a MS. note by Dr. Rawlinson
to the effect that this index was drawn up by Robert Harley Earl of
Oxford, but this was probably only a party rumour. Dr. Parr possessed
Bromley’s own copy of the reprint with a MS. note--“This edition of
these travels is a specimen of the good nature and good manners of
the Whigs, and I have reason to believe of one of the Ministry very
conversant in this sort of calumny.... This printing my book was a very
malicious proceeding; my words and meaning being very plainly perverted
in several places.... But the performances of others ... may be in like
manner exposed as appears by the like tables published for the travels
of Bishop Burnet and Mr. Addison.” Bromley was elected Speaker in 1710.
That the love for a humorous index has not quite died out is proved by
the admirable one which Mr. Lowell has added to his _Biglow Papers_.
Where all is good it is not easy to select, and I feel forced to make a
long extract:--
“Adam, eldest son of, respected.
Babel, probably the first congress.
Birch, virtue of, in instilling certain of the dead languages.
Cæsar, a tribute to, 99, his _veni, vidi, vici_ censured for
undue prolixity, 116.
Castles, Spanish, comfortable accommodations in.
Eating words, habit of, convenient in time of famine.
Longinus recommends swearing (Fuseli did same thing).
No, a monosyllable, 51, hard to utter, _ib._
Noah inclosed letter in bottle, probably.
Ulysses, husband of Penelope, 58, borrows money, 135. (For full
particulars see Homer and Dante).
Wrong, abstract, safe to oppose.”[10]
The occupation of the indexer has been allowed to fall into disrepute
during the present century, and some have supposed that any ignorant
hack can produce this indispensable portion of a book. Such was not
always the case, for most old books of any mark have indexes of a high
character, which clearly show that both author and publisher took a
proper pride in this part of their work. This spirit found whimsical
expression in the speech of a once celebrated Spaniard quoted by the
great bibliographer Antonio--that the index of a book should be made by
the author, even if the book itself were written by some one else.[11]
An ideal indexer needs many high qualifications; but, unlike the poet,
he is not born but made. He must be a good analyser and know how to
reduce the author’s many words into a terse form. He must also be
continually thinking of the wants of the consulter of his index, so
as to place his references under the heading that the reader is most
likely to seek. If he does his work well he will have many appreciative
readers; for, as Henry Rogers has observed, “no writer is so much read
as the maker of a good index--or so much cited.” Dr. Allibone prints
in his valuable Dictionary of Authors (vol. i. p. 85), an extract from
a number of the Monthly Review, which is well worthy of quotation
here:--“The compilation of an index is one of those useful labours for
which the public, commonly better pleased with entertainment than with
real service, are rarely so forward to express their gratitude as we
think they ought to be. It has been considered as a task fit only for
the plodding and the dull: but with more truth it may be said that this
is the judgment of the idle and the shallow. The value of anything, it
has been observed, is best known by the want of it. Agreeably to this
idea, we, who have often experienced great inconveniences from the want
of indices, entertain the highest sense of their worth and importance.
We know that in the construction of a good index, there is far more
scope for the exercise of judgment and abilities, than is commonly
supposed. We feel the merits of the compiler of such an index, and we
are ever ready to testify our thankfulness for his exertions.”
The eminent bibliographer William Oldys expressed a very similar
sentiment in words which have been printed by Mr. Thoms in _Notes and
Queries_ (2nd series, vol. xi. p. 309): “The labour and patience,
the judgment and the penetration which are required to make a good
index, is only known to those who have gone through this most painful,
but least praised part of a publication. But as laborious as it is,
I think it indispensably necessary to manifest the treasures of any
multifarious collection, facilitate the knowledge to those who seek it
and invite them to make application thereof.”
We can point to a goodly roll of eminent men who have not feared
this labour and who have not been ashamed to appear before the world
as indexers. In the first rank we must place the younger Scaliger,
who devoted ten months to the compilation of an elaborate index to
Gruter’s magnificent _Thesaurus Inscriptionum_. Bibliographers have
been unanimous in praise of the energy exhibited by the great critic
in undertaking so vast a labour. Antonio describes the index as an
herculean work, and Le Clerc observes that if we think it surprising
that so great a man should undertake so laborious a task, we must
remember that such indexes can only be made by a very able man.
Nicolas Antonio, the compiler of one of the fullest and most accurate
bibliographies ever planned, whose name has already been mentioned in
these pages, was a connoisseur in indexes and wrote a short essay on
the makers of them. His _Bibliotheca Hispana_ is not known so well as
it deserves to be on account of the little general interest that is
taken in Spanish literature, but having some years ago used it almost
daily, I can speak of it with gratitude as one of the most trustworthy
of works. The system upon which the authors’ names are arranged is one
that at first sight might seem to give cause for ridicule; for they
appear in an alphabet of Christian names, but when we consider that
the Spaniards and Portuguese stand alone among European nations in
respect to the importance they pay to the Christian name, and remember
further that authors and others are often alluded to by their Christian
names alone, we shall see a valid reason for the plan. Another point
that should not be forgotten is the number of Spanish authors who have
belonged to religious orders, and are never known by their surnames.
This arrangement, however, necessitates a full index of surnames, and
Antonio has given one which was highly praised by both Baillet and
Bayle, two men who were well able to form an opinion.
When Baillet, the learned author of the _Jugemens des Savans_, was
appointed by M. de Lamoignon, keeper of the exquisite library collected
by that nobleman, he set to work to compile an index of the contents of
all the books contained in it, and this he is said to have completed in
August, 1682. After this date, however, the Index continued to grow,
and it extended to thirty-two folio volumes, all written by Baillet’s
own hand. It is clear from this that that eminent bibliographer lived
two hundred years before his time. How highly would his labours be
appreciated now were he Director of the Index Society.
The great Bayle, as might be expected from his omnivorous literary
appetite, held the vocation of the Index-maker in high esteem. He
quotes with approval Antonio’s remark respecting the author of a book
being the proper person to index it, but he adds with justice that
it is not every author who is capable of making an index, a doctrine
also preached by Le Clerc. Bayle adds, “Authors refer to others the
pains of making alphabetical Indexes; and it must be owned, that those
gentlemen who are not patient of labour, and whose talent consists only
in the fire and vivacity of imagination, had much better let others
make the Index to their works.” To show the need of judgment in this
department of literary labour, Bayle refers to the drawer-up of the
Index to Dalechamp’s Athenæus, “who says that Euripides lost in one day
his wife, two sons, and a daughter, and refers us to page 60, where
nothing like this is found; but we find in page 61 that Euripides,
going to Icaria, wrote an epigram on a disaster that happened at a
peasant’s house, where a woman, with her two sons and a daughter, died
by eating of mushrooms.” In order to guard against such blunders, Bayle
proposed that certain directions should be drawn up for the guidance
of the compilers of indexes, which have justly been called the soul of
books.[12]
If we examine the indexes to old books, we shall certainly find ample
reason for the belief that in former centuries authors more frequently
had a hand in the production of the indexes to their books than they
have in the present day. Leigh Hunt, in a pleasant paper written
for the _Indicator_, says: “Index making has been held to be the
driest as well as lowest species of writing. We shall not dispute the
humbleness of it; but since we have had to make an index ourselves we
have discovered that the task need not be so very dry. Calling to mind
indexes in general, we found them presenting us a variety of pleasant
memories and contrasts.” He then praises the Indexes to the Tatler and
Spectator, and adds: “Our index seemed the poorest and most second-hand
thing in the world after theirs: but let any one read theirs and then
call an index a dry thing if he can. As there ‘is a soul of goodness in
things evil,’ so there is a soul of humour in things dry, and in things
dry by profession.” He then quotes from Cotton’s Montaigne and Sandys’s
Ovid. From the latter he gives the following specimens:
“Dwarfes, an Italian dwarfe carried about in a parrot’s cage,
p. 113.
Eccho at Twilleries in Paris, heard to repeat a verse without
failing in one syllable, p. 58.
Ship of the Tyrrhenians miraculously stuck fast in the sea, p.
63.
A Historie of a British ship stuck fast in the deepe sea by
witchcraft: for which twentie five witches were executed,
_ibid._”
The index to Cotton’s translation of Montaigne’s Essays (which was
added to the book after Cotton’s death) is full of quaint entries; for
instance, these four will give some idea of the others:
“Books, immortal children.
Children abandon’d to the care and government of their fathers!
Ears, dangerous instruments.
Glosses upon books augment doubts.”
Swift prefixed an amusing analytical Table to his ‘Tale of a Tub,’ and
the first edition of Shenstone’s burlesque poem, the _Schoolmistress_,
contains a ludicrous index or table of contents, which the poet added
“purely to show fools that I am in jest.” In subsequent editions this
table was suppressed, but Disraeli reprinted it in his _Curiosities of
Literature_. It is too long to quote entire here, and a specimen will
be sufficient to show its scope:
“A circumstance in the situation of mansion of early
discipline, discovering the surprising influence of the
connection of ideas.
Some peculiarities indicative of a country school, with a short
sketch of the sovereign presiding over it.
Some account of her night-cap, apron and a tremendous
description of her birchen sceptre.
The secret connection between whipping and rising in the world,
with a view as it were, through a perspective, of the same
little folk in the higher posts and reputation.”
This ‘ludicrous index’ very probably gave Southey a hint which he
worked out in the headings for chapters to his _Doctor_.
This seems to be the proper place to mention the practice that arose in
the last century of drawing up indexes of sentiments and opinions as
opposed to facts. Such indexes required a special skill in the indexer,
who was usually the original author. There is a curious poetical index
to the Iliad in Pope’s Homer, referring to all the places in which
similes are used. Dr. Johnson was very anxious that Richardson should
produce such an index to his novels. In the _Correspondence of Samuel
Richardson_ (vol. v. p. 282), is a letter from the lexicographer
to the novelist to the following effect: “I wish you would add an
_index rerum_, that when the reader recollects any incident, he may
easily find it, which at present he cannot do, unless he knows in
which volume it is told; for Clarissa is not a performance to be read
with eagerness, and laid aside for ever; but will be occasionally
consulted by the busy, the aged and the studious; and therefore I beg
that this edition, by which I suppose posterity is to abide, may want
nothing that can facilitate its use.” At the end of each volume of
“Clarissa” Richardson added a sort of table of all the passages best
worth remembering, and as he was the judge, it naturally extended to
a considerable length. In September, 1753, Johnson again wrote to
Richardson, suggesting the propriety of making an index to his three
works, but he added: “While I am writing an objection arises; such an
index to the three would look like the preclusion of a fourth, to which
I will never contribute; for if I cannot benefit mankind I hope never
to injure them.” Richardson took the hint of his distinguished friend,
and in 1755 appeared a volume of 410 pages, entitled “A Collection of
the moral and instructive Sentiments, Maxims, Cautions and Reflexions
contained in the Histories of Pamela, Clarissa and Sir Charles
Grandison, digested under proper heads.” The production of this book
was a labour of love to its author, who, moreover, was skilled in the
mechanical work of indexing, and in the early part of his career had
filled up his leisure hours by compiling indexes for the booksellers
and writing prefaces and dedications.
The high praise given by Leigh Hunt to Steele’s indexes has already
been noted, and a casual reference to the index of the _Tatler_ will
show the justice of the remark: “As grapes ready to burst with wine
issue out of the most stony places, like jolly fellows bringing
burgundy out of a cellar, so an Index like the Tatler’s often gives us
a taste of the quintessence of his humour.” The very title gives good
promise of what is to follow: “A faithful Index of the dull as well as
the ingenious passages in the Tatler.” Here are a few entries chosen at
random:
Vol. 1. Bachelor’s scheme to govern a wife.
Knaves proved fools.
Vol. 2. Dead men, who.
Dead persons heard, judged and censured.
---- ---- allegations laid against them, their pleas.
Love letters before and after marriage, found in a grave.
Mathematical sieve to sift impertinences in writing and
discourse.
Vol. 4. Blockheads apt to admire one another.
In 1757 “A General Index to the Spectators, Tatlers and Guardians”
was published, and in 1760 the same work was reissued with a new
title-page. Certain blots in the original indexes were here corrected,
and the following explanation made in the preface: “Notwithstanding
the learning and care of the compilers of the first Indexes to these
volumes, some slight inaccuracies have passed, and where observed
they are altered. Few readers who desire to know Mr. Bickerstaff’s
opinion of the Comedy called the Country Wife, or the character of
Mrs. Bickerstaff as an actress, would consult the Index under the word
_Acts_.”
Michael Maittaire, the bibliographer, prided himself on his talent for
index-making, which he exhibited in his editions of the classics, and
in his ‘Annales Typographici.’ William Bowyer, the learned printer,
made the excellent Index to William Clarke’s “Connexion of the Roman,
Saxon and English Coins” (1767), which greatly pleased the author,
who wrote to Bowyer, “Of all your talents you are a most amazing man
at Indexes. What a flag, too, do you hang out at the stern! You must
certainly persuade people that the book overflows with matter, which
(to speak the truth) is but thinly spread. But I know all this is
fair in trade, and you have a right to expect that the publick should
purchase freely when you reduce the whole book into an epitome for
their benefit; I shall read the Index with pleasure.”[13] Bowyer’s
biographer, John Nichols, to whom we owe the _Literary Anecdotes of
the Eighteenth Century_, and the _Illustrations of Literary History_,
two books treasured by all lovers of bibliography, was an Indexer of
merit, and his son and grandson followed in his footsteps. The memory
of Dr. Maty has often been blessed by consulters of the _Philosophical
Transactions_, who find great help in his copious Index to the first
seventy volumes of that work.
Samuel Ayscough was another industrious index-maker who deserves
especial mention. He compiled indexes for the Monthly Review, the
British Critic, and the Gentleman’s Magazine. His Index to Shakespeare
(1790) was a work of great labour and high utility, followed, in
1804, by Francis Twiss’s _Verbal Index_, and quite superseded by Mrs.
Cowden Clarke’s complete Concordance (1844). It is under the heading
of Ayscough, in his Dictionary of Authors, that Allibone has gathered
together an interesting collection of quotations on the subject of
indexes.
The industrious E. H. Barker took the greatest pleasure in making the
Index to his edition of Stephens’s Thesaurus (which was so mauled in
the ‘Quarterly’ by Bishop Blomfield), and when a friend condoled with
him on the bore of making the index, which had occupied three years
in the composing and printing, Mr. Barker observed that they were the
happiest years of his life, for he had thus read again and again the
_Thesaurus_, which he should not otherwise have done.
The name of the great historian Macaulay will appropriately close
this list of eminent indexers. At the age of fifteen he wrote a
letter to Hannah More, which ends with these words: “To add to the
list, my dear madam, you will soon see a work of mine in print. Do
not be frightened; it is only the Index to the thirteenth volume of
the _Christian Observer_, which I have had the honour of composing.
Index-making, though the lowest, is not the most useless round in the
ladder of literature; and I pride myself upon being able to say that
there are many readers of the _Christian Observer_ who could do without
Walter Scott’s works, but not without those of, my dear madam, your
affectionate friend, THOMAS B. MACAULAY.” Macaulay in after-life used
a contemptuous expression when he was describing the appearance of
the lowest grade in the literary profession. My friend Mr. Campkin,
a veteran Indexer, quotes this description in the preface to one of
his valuable Indexes--that to the twenty-five volumes of the _Sussex
Archæological Collections_--“The compilation of Indexes will always,
and naturally so, be regarded as a humble art: ‘index-makers in ragged
coats of frieze’ are classed by Lord Macaulay as the very lowest of
the frequenters of the coffee-houses of the Dryden and Swift era.
Yet ‘’tis my vocation, Hal,’ and into very pleasant companionship
it has sometimes brought me, and if in this probably the last of my
twenty-five years’ labours in this direction, I have succeeded in
furnishing a fairly practicable key to a valuable set of volumes, my
frieze coat, how tattered soever signifieth not, will continue to hang
upon my shoulders not uncomfortably.” Mr. Campkin is quite right as to
the estimation in which the indexer is held, but I think he should not
allow that such estimation is natural. The art that requires thought
and some power of analysis should in justice be rated higher than this,
and if the Index-makers did such good work as we frequently find in
the books of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the discredit
of the ragged coats would rightly belong to their employers and not to
themselves. Macaulay probably had Swift’s _Account of the Condition
of Edmund Curll_ in his mind when he alluded to the low estate of the
Index-maker. In this satire there are certain “Instructions to a Porter
how to find Mr. Curll’s authors,” few of whom are in sufficiently easy
circumstances to allow of the renting a garret each for himself--“At
the laundress’s at the Hole in the Wall in Cursitor’s Alley up three
pair of stairs, the author of my Church history--you may also speak to
the gentleman who lies by him in the flock bed, my index-maker.”
No account of the history of indexing would be complete without special
and honourable mention of two literary men who have persistently
pointed out on all occasions the urgent need of Indexes. One of these
is an Englishman and the other an American. Mr. Thoms, as editor of
the “_Notes and Queries_,” must constantly have felt the want of these
helps to research, and he seldom allowed a volume of his journal to
pass without inserting something regarding them. He did more however,
for he issued a General Index to each series as it was completed. Dr.
Allibone, throughout his _Dictionary of English and American Authors_,
has lost no opportunity of saying something to the purpose on his
favourite subject. As already remarked, he printed at the beginning
of the first volume of his great work a most interesting series of
quotations relating to Indexes and on the very last page of his third
and last volume he returned to the subject in bidding farewell to his
readers.
Mr. Markland is the authority for the declaration by the Roxburghe Club
that “the omission of an Index when essential should be an indictable
offence.”[14] Carlyle denounces the putters forth of indexless books;
and Baynes, the author of the _Archæological Epistle to Dean Milles_
(which is usually attributed to Mason), concocted a terrible curse
against such evil-doers. The reporter was the learned Francis Douce,
who said to Mr. Thoms, “Sir, my friend John Baynes used to say that the
man who published a book without an index ought to be damned ten miles
beyond Hell, where the Devil could not get for stinging nettles.”[15]
Lord Campbell proposed that any author who published a book without
an Index should be deprived of the benefits of the Copyright Act, and
the Hon. Horace Binney, LL.D., a distinguished American lawyer, held
the same views, and would have condemned the culprit to the same
punishment. Those, however, who hold the justest theories sometimes
fail in practice; thus Lord Campbell had to acknowledge that he had
himself sinned before the year 1857; and the deficiencies of the forty
Indexes to Allibone’s Dictionary are pointed out in a paper read before
the Conference of Librarians in October, 1877.[16] These are the words
written by Lord Campbell in the preface to the first volume of his
_Lives of the Chief Justices_ (1857)--“I have only further to express
my satisfaction in thinking that a heavy weight is now to be removed
from my conscience. So essential did I consider an Index to be to
every book, that I proposed to bring a Bill into Parliament to deprive
an author who publishes a book without an Index of the privilege of
copyright; and moreover to subject him for his offence to a pecuniary
penalty. Yet from difficulties started by my printers, my own books
have hitherto been without an Index. But I am happy to announce that
a learned friend at the bar, on whose accuracy I can place entire
reliance, has kindly prepared a copious Index which will be appended to
this work, and another for the new stereotyped edition of the Lives of
the Chancellors.”
In tracing the history of Index-making we have seen that the value of
a full Index was early realized; but when authors ceased to make their
own indexes, neglect was the consequence, and during the early part
of the present century this period of neglect was probably the most
complete. Towards the formation of general Indexes little had been
done until late years, although we have seen that Baillet set himself
to such work. Of special Indexes we should naturally expect that one
to the Bible would be the first attempted, and such was the case. The
first Concordance was compiled by Hugo de St. Caro, in 1247, and five
hundred monks are said to have been employed upon it. The first English
concordance to any part of the Scriptures was of the New Testament,
and printed by Thomas Gybson in 1536. That to the entire Bible was
made by John Marbeck, and published at London by Grafton in 1550.[17]
Previously to the publication of this valuable work Marbeck was shut
up in the Marshalsea, but when Henry VIII. pardoned him he told the
Bishops that Marbeck had employed his time much better than they had
theirs. Nearly two centuries later Alexander Cruden published his great
work, which still continues to be the standard Concordance.
In 1545 an alphabetical Collection of the most elegant words and
phrases used by Boccaccio was compiled by Francis Alunno, and published
in _Le Ricchezze della Lingua volgare_. Verbal Indexes to the ancient
classics afterwards became common, and in 1662 the celebrated _Gradus
ad Parnassum_ first appeared under the title of “Epithetorum et
Synonymorum Thesaurus” (Paris). It is attributed to Chatillon, and was
reprinted by Paul Aler, a German Jesuit, as the _Gradus_.[18]
The lawyers can claim the honour of being the first class to realize
the absolute need of Indexes, and the Digests produced by them are
admirable works, but the greatest lawyers still point out how much
there is to be done. Sir Henry Thring has drawn up some masterly
instructions for an Index to the Statute Law, which is to be considered
as a step towards a code. These instructions conclude with the
following weighty words--“Let no man imagine that the construction of
an index to the Statute Law is a mere piece of mechanical drudgery,
unworthy of the energy and ability of an accomplished lawyer. Next to
codification the most difficult task that can be accomplished is to
prepare a detailed plan for a code, as distinct from the easy task of
devising a theoretical system of codification. Now the preparation of
an index, such as has been suggested in the above instructions, is the
preparation of a detailed plan for a code. Each effective title is, in
effect, a plan for the codification of the legal subject matter grouped
under that title, and the whole index, if completed, would be a summary
of a code arranged in alphabetical order.”[19]
That this question of digesting the law is to be considered as one that
should interest all classes of Englishmen, and not the lawyer only, may
be seen from an article in the _Nineteenth Century_ (September, 1877),
on the “Improvement of the Law by private enterprise,” by Sir James
Fitzjames Stephen, who has done so much towards a complete digest of
the law. He writes: “I have long believed that the law might by proper
means be relieved of this extreme obscurity and intricacy, and might
be displayed in its true light as a subject of study of the deepest
possible interest, not only to every one who takes an interest in
politics or ethics, or in the application of logic and metaphysics to
those subjects. In short, I think that nothing but the rearrangement
and condensation of the vast masses of matter contained in our law
libraries is required, in order to add to human knowledge what would
be practically a new department of the highest and most permanent
interest. Law holds in suspension both the logic and the ethics, which
are, in fact, recognized by men of business and men of the world
as the standards by which the practice of common life ought to be
regulated, and by which men ought to form their opinions in all their
most important temporal affairs. It would be a far greater service to
mankind than many people would suppose to have these standards clearly
defined and brought within the reach of every one who cared to study
them.” The following remarks will apply with equal force to a more
general and universal index than that of the law: “The preparation of
a digest either of the whole or of any branch of the law is work of a
very peculiar kind. It is one of the very few literary undertakings in
which a number of persons can really and effectively work together. Any
given subject may, it is true, be dealt with in a variety of different
ways; but when the general scheme, according to which it is to be
treated, has been determined on, when the skeleton of the book has been
drawn out, plenty of persons might be found to do the work of filling
up the details, _though that work is very far from being easy or a
matter of routine_.”
The value of analytical or index work is set in a very strong light by
an observation of Sir James Stephen, respecting the early digesters of
the law. The origin of English law is to be found in the Year Books and
other series of old Reports, which, from the language used in them, and
the black-letter printing, with its contractions, etc., are practically
inaccessible. Coke and others who reduced these books into form are,
in consequence, treated as ultimate authorities, although the almost
worshipped Coke is said by Sir James to be “one of the most confused,
pedantic and inaccurate of men.”
Parliament has long recognized the fact that the preparation of indexes
to their journals is a department of work upon which large sums of
money may be advantageously spent. In 1778 a total of £12,900 was voted
for Indexes to the Journals of the House of Commons. The items were
as follows: To Mr. Edward Moore, £6400 as a final compensation for
thirteen years’ labour; Rev. Mr. Forster, £3000 for nine years’ labour;
Rev. Dr. Roger Flaxman, £3000 for nine years’ labour; and £500 to Mr.
Cunningham.
But one of the grandest and most useful applications of index-making is
to be found in the series of Calendars of State Papers, issued under
the sanction of the Master of the Rolls, which have made available to
all a mass of historical material previously hardly appreciated by the
few.
Scientific men have found by bitter experience that, unless they
have the assistance of indexes, they must spend years in studying
the bibliography of their subject, if they would avoid doing again
what has already been done. It has so long been the popular belief
that the work of indexing may properly be deputed to the harmless
drudge, whose industry is his chief merit, that it is no ordinary
gratification to be able to point to the great physiologist Haller as
one who, knowing that genius must have its toils, and finding that no
such works had been produced, stepped aside from his grander labours
to compile bibliographies of the science his talents adorned. In the
words of Johnson, index-making has been supposed to be “a task that
requires neither the light of learning nor the activity of genius, but
may be successfully performed without any higher quality than that
of bearing burthens with dull patience, and beating the track of the
alphabet with sluggish resolution.”[20] That Albert von Haller did
not hold this disgraceful doctrine his _Bibliotheca Botanica_ (1771),
his _Bibliotheca Anatomica_ (1774-77), his _Bibliotheca Chirurgica_
(1774-75) and his _Bibliotheca Medicinæ practicæ_ (1776-78) amply prove.
We find in these bibliographies a large proportion of University
Theses and Inaugural Dissertations, a form of publication which was
in considerable favour before the more general issue of journals
and transactions of Societies. When these latter became numerous,
the need of some key to their hidden contents was greatly felt, and
a large unoccupied field for indexing was here discovered. In 1800
Reuss commenced at Göttingen the publication of his _Repertorium
Commentationum a Societatibus Literariis editarum_, which was continued
for twenty years, and completed in sixteen quarto volumes. The
contents are arranged and classified according to the chief divisions
of knowledge. The well-known publisher Engelmann, of Leipzig, is
deserving of the greatest credit for his extensive series of special
Bibliographies. That of Zoology, by Dr. Carus (1861), is one of the
most important of these publications, and to a great extent superseded
the _Bibliographia Zoologiæ_ of Agassiz, which was published by the
Ray Society (1848-54). These works helped to make apparent to all the
want which they did not completely supply. In 1857 the Royal Society
undertook the preparation of a Catalogue of Scientific Papers in
British and Foreign Journals and Transactions, from the commencement
of the present century. This was a vast work, and necessarily occupied
a considerable time in preparation. When it was thought advisable to
commence printing, the limit of date for the papers was fixed at 1863.
In 1867 the first volume was published, and each succeeding year a
double-columned quarto volume, of about 1000 pages, appeared until
1872, when the Alphabet of Authors was completed in the sixth volume.
A supplement for the years 1864-73 is in course of publication. The
value of the Catalogue is gratefully acknowledged on all hands, and
it has now become so indispensable that every consulter must marvel
how scientific men managed to get on without it. Medical men, however,
complain that medical and surgical papers have been passed over, and
Dr. J. S. Billings, Librarian of the U.S. National Medical Library,
is attempting to do for these departments what has already been done
for general science. In 1876 was printed a _Specimen Fasciculus of a
Catalogue of the National Medical Library under the direction of the
Surgeon General of the U.S. Army at Washington_, and in the May number
(1878) of the _Library Journal_ is an article by Dr. Billings on the
_National Catalogue of Medical Literature_ to contain references to
papers in all the Medical Journals. It is estimated that the Subject
Catalogue would occupy about seven volumes of one thousand pages each,
and the Authors’ Catalogue about three volumes extra. The question of
printing this great work is now before Congress, and Dr. Billings puts
the following query to be answered by Librarians and others: “What
is the value of such an index to the people of the United States as
compared with an expedition to the North Pole, five miles of subsidized
railway, one company of cavalry, or a small post office building?”
There cannot be two opinions as to the importance of such a
publication, not only to the United States but to the world. At
present the Indexes to the Catalogues of the Libraries of the College
of Surgeons and the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society serve the
purpose of a special bibliography of medical literature, but they only
refer to books and not to the contents of those books.
Every year new societies and new journals are started in various parts
of the world, so that it becomes daily more difficult for workers to
keep themselves _au courant_ with the work of others. To obviate this
difficulty the Zoologists started in 1864 an annual Record of their
science, and the Geologists followed suit in 1874. The Chemists, in
1871, adopted the still more useful plan of a monthly _résumé_ of
chemical papers, and with each number of the _Journal of the Chemical
Society_ is published a series of abstracts of papers in foreign
journals. The year’s numbers, completed with a full index, form
an annual Record. Several foreign journals are also published with
the main object of giving abstracts of books and papers published
on their respective subjects, such for instance as the various
German “Centralblatt.” A monthly part of the _Polybiblon: Revue
Bibliographique Universelle_, is specially devoted to summaries of
the contents of various French and Foreign periodicals. In America
the contents of current periodicals are recorded in “The Library
Table” and in “The American Bookseller.” A classified Index of the
Proceedings of the Learned Societies and the contents of the principal
magazines and reviews is announced as a feature of the newly-started
English Journal--“The Book-Analyst and Library Guide.” On all sides
there is evidence of the rapid growth of a taste for bibliographical
research. Scientific journals and transactions now contain papers
full of bibliographical details, which a few years ago would not
have been considered suitable for publication in immediate proximity
to original scientific papers; and this is not to be wondered at,
for the many questions of priority that constantly arise can only
be settled by the correct statement of the date of publication. The
British Association publish reports on the history of science, which
are made up of accurate lists of books and papers. The _Philosophical
Magazine_[21] contains an account of early Books on Logarithms, by
Mr. J. W. L. Glaisher, F.R.S.; the _Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical
Society_[22] has a Chronology of Star Catalogues, by Mr. E. B.
Knobel; the _Transactions of the Connecticut Academy_,[23] a list of
writings relating to the method of least squares, with historical and
critical notes by Mansfield Merriman; and the _Annals of the Lyceum
of Natural History of New York_, “Outlines of a Bibliography of the
History of Chemistry,”[24] and Index to the Literature of Manganese,
1596-1874,[25] both by H. Carrington Bolton, Ph.D.
Prof. J. Plateau, the distinguished physicist, is publishing by
sections, a “Bibliographie Analytique des principaux phénomènes
subjectifs de la Vision,” in the Memoirs of the Brussels Academy. Mr.
Edward S. Holden, of the Washington Naval Observatory, has prepared a
valuable “Index Catalogue of Books and Memoirs relating to Nebulæ and
Clusters,” which was published in 1871 by the Smithsonian Institution,
to whom we owe so much good work in this direction; and in 1878 the
same gentleman’s “Index Catalogue of Books and Memoirs on the Transits
of Mercury” was issued as No. 1 of the “Bibliographical Contributions
(Library of Harvard University),” edited by Justin Winsor. Monographs
are now seldom published without some index of the bibliography of the
subject. Dr. Copland was one of the first to make the notice of the
literature of all topics treated a special feature in his _Dictionary
of Practical Medicine_. Many scientific books on special subjects are
in fact indexes; thus Morris’s _Catalogue of British Fossils_ (2nd ed.
1854); Bigsby’s _Thesaurus Siluricus_ (1868); and the same veteran
geologist’s _Thesaurus Devonico-Carboniferus_ (1878), are tables of
fossils with references to places where descriptions will be found.
This is the index work which is acknowledged on all hands to be of the
greatest value in the saving of the student’s time.
In passing from the consideration of Indexes of science to those of
general literature, the place of honour must be given to Mr. Poole’s
_Index of Periodical Literature_. The author gave an interesting
account of the origin of his work at the Conference of Librarians held
in London (October, 1877). When Librarian at Yale College, Mr. Poole
made a list of the articles in the journals in the Library for his own
private use. The assistance he was thus able to give to readers was
highly appreciated, and he was asked to allow the list to be printed
for the benefit of others. This first edition appeared in 1848, and a
greatly enlarged edition followed in 1853. The second edition is out of
print, and a new one is in preparation, under the superintendence of
the compiler, but with the co-operation of librarians both in America
and Great Britain. Mr. Poole said that he had not seen a copy of his
first edition for twenty years until he saw it on the shelves of the
Reading Room of the British Museum. The nearest approach to a general
Index in existence is the useful Catalogue of Subjects which forms the
third and fourth volumes of Watt’s _Bibliotheca Britannica_. The Index
attached to Darling’s _Cyclopædia_ has several useful features, but
the work was never finished. One of the completest Catalogues ever
published is that of the Library of the London Institution. It is
classified and has an Index of Authors. It was not usual to attach an
Index of Subjects to a Catalogue of Authors until late years, and that
to the Athenæum Library (1852) is an early specimen. The New York State
Library Catalogue, 1856, has an Index, as have those of the Medical
and Chirurgical Library (1860) and the London Library (1865 and 1875).
That appended to the Catalogue of the Manchester Free Library (1864) is
more a short list of titles than an Index. In any notice of this kind
the valuable Indexes to the various collections of MSS. in the British
Museum must not be omitted, nor Mr. Sampson Low’s Index to the British
Catalogue of Books (1858), which was compiled by Dr. Crestadoro,
Librarian of the Manchester Free Library. Indexes to series of Journals
have naturally been frequent, but it was a novelty when the Parker
Society published a general Index to their separate publications--a
work of the greatest utility which the Camden Society propose to
emulate.
That the interest felt in Index work is pretty generally spread abroad,
may be guessed by a paragraph that went the round of the papers a
few months ago, to the effect that an Index or ‘Repertorium’ of the
contents of all the German military magazines and periodicals, which
have been published during the last sixteen years, has been lately
printed at Berlin, which it is supposed will be of great value to every
student of military art, and even to the more general reader.
The various matters treated of in the previous pages, go to prove the
existence of a revived interest in the value of Indexes, and seem
naturally to lead up to a notice of the formation of the Index Society.
The founders lay no claim to originality of conception; but they think
that the widespread feeling of the need of some such organization,
which has been frequently expressed, will insure the success of the
Society.
In 1854 an announcement was made in the “Notes and Queries”[26] of
the projected formation of a “Society for the Formation of a General
Literary Index.” In the second series (vol. i. p. 486), the late Mr.
Thomas Jones, who signed himself Bibliothecar. Chetham., commenced
a series of articles, which he continued for several years, as a
contribution to this General Index; but nothing more was heard of
the Society. Inquiries were made in various numbers of the _Notes
and Queries_ respecting its formation, but no response was made. In
1870 a contributor to the same periodical, signing himself A. H.,
proposed the formation of a staff of Index compilers. In 1874 Prof.
Stanley Jevons published his _Principles of Science_. In the chapter
on Classification, he enlarges on the value of Indexes, and adds:
“The time will perhaps come when our views upon this subject will be
extended, and either Government or some public society will undertake
the systematic cataloguing and indexing of masses of historical and
scientific information, which are now almost closed against inquiry”
(1st ed. vol. ii. p. 405; 2nd. ed. p. 718).
In the following year Mr. Edward Solly and the writer of these pages,
without having seen this passage, consulted as to the possibility of
starting an Index Society, but postponed the actual carrying out of
their scheme for a time. In July, 1875, Mr. J. Ashton Cross argued in
a pamphlet, that a Universal Index might be formed by co-operation
through a clearing-house, and would pay if published in separate
parts. In September, 1877, some letters were printed in the _Pall Mall
Gazette_ by one who signed himself ‘A Lover of Indexes,’ in which the
foundation of an Index Society was strongly urged. In October, 1877,
Mr. Cross read a paper before the Conference of Librarians, which was
a revival of the scheme previously suggested. All these movements in
different quarters proved that the train was widely spread, and only
needed the lighting spark to make itself apparent; or, to use another
metaphor, the volunteers were ready for their work, and only waited
for the bugle call, and this was given in the _Athenæum_ for October
13, 1877, in a report of the Conference of Librarians written by Mr.
Robert Harrison. There we read: “Could not a permanent Index Society be
founded with the support of voluntary contributions of money as well as
of subject matter? In this way a regular staff could be set to work,
under competent direction, and could be kept steadily at work until
its performances became so generally known and so useful as to enable
it to stand alone and be self-supporting. Many readers would readily
jot down the name of any new subject they meet with in the book before
them, and the page on which it occurs, and forward their notes to be
sorted and arranged by any Society that would undertake the work.”
The following number of the _Athenæum_ contained letters in approval
of the suggestion from Mr. G. Laurence Gomme and from Professor Justin
Winsor, of Harvard, who wrote: “We have been in America striving for
years to get some organized body to undertake this very work.” In the
number for October 27, it was announced that steps were being taken for
the formation of the Society, and the editor complained that he had
been overwhelmed with letters on the subject for which he could not
find space.
In closing this general notice of Index work, and before passing on to
the consideration of the various modes of indexing, it will perhaps be
well to offer some answer to the question--What can such a Society do?
We have seen how highly a good Index is appreciated by workers, but it
does not need much argument to prove how few such there are, and how
many more are wanted. It has been said that a big book is a great evil,
and so it is until it receives an Index, and then it becomes a great
good. Prof. De Morgan, who treated Bibliography in a more interesting
manner than many authors treat lighter subjects, says, when referring
to Samuel Jeake’s “Arithmetick surveighed and reviewed,” (1696) in his
_Arithmetical Books_--“Those who know the value of a large book with a
good index will pick this one up when they can.” Mr. Jeake published
his work in a folio volume, the size and weight of which made De
Morgan suggest the possibility that the author thought arithmetic was
a branch of controversial divinity. In spite of this he singles it out
for praise on account of the value of the information it contains and
the fullness of the references to this information. I think we see in
various directions evidence of an awakening of interest in Index work,
but this interest wants fostering, and if book-buyers will agree to
give the preference to well-indexed books, the publishers will soon be
eager to supply the want so generally recognized. We may then hope to
see the time when it will be as rare to find a book without an Index
as without a title-page. The Library Association of the United Kingdom
have set a good example by issuing the Report of the Conference of
Librarians, 1877, with an elaborate Index to its varied contents, which
has been much appreciated, and does great credit to Mr. Tedder who
compiled it.
To direct public attention to a neglected subject is one of the main
objects of the Index Society; but although Indexes to new books may
be demanded from publishers, it is hardly to be expected that these
merchants in literature will index books of the past. There are a large
number of standard works to which students must frequently refer, which
are a source of constant irritation from the difficulty of finding what
is required in their voluminous pages. The county and local histories,
in the possession of which England is so rich, rank high in the list
of these--a list which would also contain the Standard Historical
Collections, such as those of Rushworth, and Nalson, the Harleian
Miscellany, Somers’ Tracts, Ellis’s Original Letters, and many other
books that it is needless to enumerate here.[27] To this department the
Society will devote special attention. In all cases a book that may
be considered as _the_ authority upon a given subject will have the
preference, so that the Indexes may serve as complete guides to the
various topics. In many instances the works of standard authors will
be indexed as a whole, and in this way Indexes to particular books or
authors will often be Subject Indexes as well. With these and Subject
Indexes referring to Books and Papers in British and Foreign Journals
and Transactions, it is hoped that in a few years the Society will
have accumulated and published a series of books that will be of real
service to all classes of readers.
Much that would otherwise be neglected may be done by a public society,
but to attack with effect the mass of work waiting to be undertaken,
it is necessary that we should receive a hearty support. It is to the
interest of subscribers to make the objects of the Society widely
known, and otherwise to help it, because the more numerous the
subscribers the larger will be the return that each subscriber will
get for his subscription, and the larger the plot of the great field
that can be put under cultivation. It is expected that the work of the
Society will be largely extended when they acquire funds that will
enable them to open an office which shall contain a library of indexes,
and in which can be placed the General Reference Index.
I have heard two objections brought against the scheme of the Society:
1. That it is needless to urge the compilation of indexes, because
every worker worthy of the name makes his own. This, however, is just
the loss of power that the Society wish to prevent. Now the same work
is often done over and over again, and the MSS. are only saved from
the waste-paper basket by the merest chance, to be again lost among a
heap of other papers. There are, doubtless, many valuable indexes lying
hidden and unknown, and it will be our object to draw them if possible
to the light.
2. That the General Index is an impossibility, and that to attempt its
preparation is a waste of time. Those who hold this opinion have not
sufficient faith in the simplicity and usefulness of the alphabet.
Every one has notes and references of some kind, which are useless if
kept unarranged, but if sorted into alphabetical order become valuable.
The object of the General Index is just this, that anything, however
disconnected, can be placed there, and much that would otherwise
be lost will there find a resting place. Always growing and never
pretending to be complete, the Index will be useful to all, and its
consulters will be sure to find something worth their trouble if not
all they may require.
The objects of the Society are national in their importance, and as
such they have been acknowledged by one who has given one hundred
guineas to help in their attainment. With more such gifts how much
might be done by the Society.
Having dwelt in the previous pages upon some of the chief points in
the history of Indexing, we will now pass on to the consideration of
the practical part of the subject. The unwise seem to be of opinion
that any fool can index, but we have already seen that the wise think
differently. The remarks with which Dr. Johnson opens the preface to
his English Dictionary may well be applied to the Indexer: “It is the
fate of those who toil at the lower employments of life to be rather
driven by the fear of evil, than attracted by the prospect of good;
to be exposed to censure, without hope of praise; to be disgraced by
miscarriage, or punished for neglect, where success would have been
without applause, and diligence without reward. Among these unhappy
mortals is the writer of dictionaries; whom mankind have considered,
not as the pupil, but the slave of science, the pioneer of literature,
doomed only to remove rubbish and clear obstructions from the paths
through which Learning and Genius press forward to conquest and glory,
without bestowing a smile on the humble drudge that facilitates their
progress. Every other author may aspire to praise; the lexicographer
can only hope to escape reproach, and even this negative recompence has
been yet granted to very few.” This dishonouring estimate has received
many rude shocks, and it should be our aim to crush it entirely out of
existence.
In order to give some appearance of system to what might otherwise
be considered as mere desultory remarks, I propose to arrange
the following notes under the three heads of I. Compilation; II.
Arrangement; III. Printing.
I.
In the Instructions for an Index to the Statute Law, by Sir Henry
Thring,[28] already referred to, we find the following clear
definitions which will serve to open this portion of our case:--
“The basis of an index to a book of the ordinary kind is a
series of titles or catchwords arranged in alphabetical order
and indicative of the main topics treated of in the book.”
“The object of an index is to indicate the place in a book or
collection of books in which particular information is to be
found. Such an index is perfect in proportion as it is concise
in expression, whilst exhaustive in its indication of every
important topic of the subject to which it is an index.”
The question naturally arises--how is the work to be set about? In
the Special Report on the Public Libraries of the United States of
America, Part I, 1876 (pp. 727-732), is an article on “Book Indexes” by
F. B. Perkins, which contains some rather elementary instruction as to
writing, cutting up, and pasting, but in these matters of detail the
best way of proceeding will always be the way that the indexer feels
that he can work best. Some choose to write their Index straight on in
the order of the book itself, on sheets of paper which are afterwards
cut up, sorted, and pasted; others prefer to use slips of paper and to
write one entry on each slip; a third class will make their entries
at once into an alphabetical book, or better still on loose sheets
of paper placed in a portfolio lettered in alphabetical order. By
this means the indexer sees his work grow under his hands. Whatever
system however is adopted, it is well to bear in mind that the indexer
should obtain some knowledge of the book he is about to Index before
he commences his work. The following remarks by Sir H. Thring may be
applied more generally than to the law--“A complete knowledge of the
whole _law_ is required before he begins to make the index, for until
he can look down on the entire field of law before him, he cannot
possibly judge of the proper arrangement of the headings, or of the
relative importance of the various provisions.”
During his work the Indexer must constantly ask himself what it is
for which the consulter is likely to seek. The author frequently uses
periphrases to escape from the repetition of the same fact in the same
form, but these periphrases will give little information when inserted
as headings in an Index, and it is in this point of selecting the
best catchword that the good Indexer will show his superiority over
the commonplace worker. There are a large number of Indexes in which
not only is the _best_ heading _not_ chosen but the very _worst is_.
Thus in the Indexes to the _Canadian Journal_, a high-class magazine,
we find such entries as the following, arranged under the word here
printed in italics:--
_A_ Monograph of the British Spongiadæ.
_On_ the Iodide of Barium.
_Sir_ Charles Barry, a Biography.
_The_ late Professor Boole.
_The_ Mohawk Language.
The same arrangement may be found in the Index to the Journal of the
Society of Telegraph Engineers, thus--
_A_ Strange Story.
_Professor_ Wheatstone, original proposals, &c.
The handsome edition of Jewel’s _Apology_ by Isaacson (1825) contains
an index which is worthy of special remark. It is divided into four
alphabets, referring respectively to 1. Life; 2. Apology; 3. Notes to
Life; 4. Notes to Apology; and this complicated machinery is attached
to a book of only 286 pages. I think I may say that there is hardly an
entry in the Index that would be of any use to the consulter, and to
show that this censure is not too sweeping, I will add a few specimens:
_Belief_ of a Resurrection.
_Caution_, Reformers proceeded with caution.
_If_ Protestants are Heretics let the Papists prove them so
from Scripture.
_In_ withdrawing themselves from the Church of Rome,
Protestants have not erred from Christ and his Apostles.
_King_ John.
_The_ Pope assumes Regal power and habit.
Ditto employs spies.
In the “General Index to the Spectators, Tatlers and Guardians,”
referred to on a previous page, such words as Difference, Digression,
Directions, Discourse, Dissertation and Instance, are specially noticed
as bad headings in the original Indexes, which have been changed in the
new one; and yet these are the very words that are chosen by rule for
headings in the British Museum Catalogue. Could any plan be adopted by
which the following books would more thoroughly be hidden out of sight
than by the present arrangement:
_Kind._ A Kind of a Dialogue in Hudibrasticks; designed for the
use of the Unthinking and Unlearned (1739).
_Kinds._ How to make several kinds of miniature pumps and a
fire engine; a book for boys (1860).
Some bibliographers always prefer substantives to adjectives as
headings, but the whole point of a sentence is often contained in a
substantival adjective. When adjective and substantive are joined to
represent one idea, as Alimentary Canal, English History, they should
be treated as compound nouns, and arranged under the letters _A_ and
_E_ respectively.[29] The most marked example of an opposite rule
that I have ever seen is to be found in the Index to Hare’s _Walks in
London_ (1878). Here all the Alleys, Bridges, Buildings, Churches,
Courts, Houses, Streets, etc., are arranged under those headings, and
not under the proper name of each. There may be a certain advantage
in some of these headings, but few would look for Lisson Grove under
Grove, and the climax of absurdity is reached when Chalk Farm is
placed under _Farm_. The adopted rule is not rigidly carried out, for
Grey Friars will be found under G, and Austin Friars under F. Another
peculiarity of this index is that a copy of it is added to each volume.
Books of facts are much easier indexed than books of opinion; but it
is most important that the contents of the latter should be properly
registered. Some indexers seem to be of opinion that proper names are
the most important items in an index, and while carefully including
all these, they omit facts and opinions of much greater importance.
As a rule it is objectionable when the consulter finds no additional
information in the book to what is already given in the index; for
instance, should the observation be made respecting a certain state of
mind that “the Duke of Wellington probably felt the same at the Battle
of Waterloo,” it will be well for the indexer to pass the remark by
unnoticed, as should he make the following entries, the consulter is
not likely to be in a very genial mood when he looks up the references:
Waterloo, the Duke of Wellington’s supposed feelings at the
battle of.
Wellington (Duke of), his supposed feelings at Waterloo.
The hackneyed quotation of
Best, Mr. Justice, his great mind,
cannot be omitted here, although I am unable to give any satisfactory
account of its origin. It forms an excellent example of the useless
references to which we have just referred, and contains as well a
ludicrous misapprehension of the passage indexed, which is said to
have been: “Mr. Justice Best said that he had a great mind to commit
the man for trial.” There can be no doubt that the entry, whether it
ever occurred in an Index or not, was intended as a personal fling
against Sir William Draper Best, puisne judge of the King’s Bench from
1819 to 1824, and Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas from 1824 to
1829, in which latter year he resigned, and was created Lord Wynford.
The story was told to Mr. Solly by Sir W. Domville, in 1825, and with
reference to the index to one of Chitty’s Law Books. Another friend
tells me that he has a faint recollection that Chitty had a grudge
against Best, and took an opportunity of expending his bile in this
entry; but the late Dr. Doran insisted that the author of the joke was
Leigh Hunt, who first published it in the _Examiner_. In this unsettled
state we must leave the question, for it is not worth while to search
the files of a newspaper in order to find the truth of so insignificant
a matter.
The form in which the various entries in an index are to be drawn up
is worthy of much attention, and particular care should be taken to
expunge all redundant words. For instance, it will be better to write
Smith (John), his character; his execution.
than
Smith (John), character of; execution of.
or
Brown (Robert) saves money.
than
Brown (Robert), saving of money by.
Sometimes a characteristic adjective or adverb will help to give life
and interest to the Index.
The indexer must aim at conciseness, but he should always specify the
cause of reference, more especially in the case of proper names.[30]
Few things are more annoying than to find a block list of references
after a name, so that the consulter has to search through many pages
before he can find what he seeks.[31] Mr. Markland draws particular
attention to this point in a communication to the _Notes and Queries_
(2nd series, vol. vii. p. 469) on the subject of Indexes. He complains
bitterly of the Indexes to the collected edition of Walpole’s Letters
and to Scott’s Swift. In the latter book there are 638 references to
Harley, Earl of Oxford, without any indication of the reason why his
name is entered in the Index. This case also affords a good instance
of careless indexing in another particular, for these references are
separated under different headings, instead of being gathered under
one, as follows--
Harley (Robert) 227 references.
Oxford (Lord) 111 ”
Treasurer, Lord Oxford 300 ”
Mr. Markland takes the opportunity of pointing out that good specimens
of the right way to set out the references to an individual are to
be found in Nichols’s _Literary Anecdotes_; Hallam’s _Constitutional
History_; and Campbell’s _Lives of the Lord Chancellors_. Probably the
most colossal instance of the fault above alluded to is to be found in
Ayscough’s elaborate Index to the _Gentleman’s Magazine_, where all
the references under one surname are placed together without even the
distinction of the Christian name. Mr. Solly made a curious calculation
as to the time that would be employed in looking up these references.
For instance, under the name _Smith_, there are 2411 entries, all “en
masse,” and with no initial letters. If there were these divisions,
one would find “Zachary Smith” in a few minutes, but now one must
look to each reference to find what is wanted. With taking down the
volumes, and hunting through long lists of names, Mr. Solly found that
each reference cost him two minutes of time, a by no means extravagant
estimate; hence it would take the consulter eight days (working
steadily ten hours a day) to find out if there be any note about
Zachary Smith in the Magazine, a task so awful to think of that it may
be presumed that no one will ever attempt it.
In some books a man will merely be referred to as holding an acre of
land, or as having been seen by the author on a certain day. In these
instances a specific cause of reference can hardly be given, but the
difficulty may be got over by setting out the various entries in which
some fact or opinion is mentioned, and then gathering together the
remainder under the heading of _Alluded to_.
One would imagine that correctness of reference was the _sine qua
non_ of an index, and yet careless compilers, to save themselves
trouble, have sometimes neglected this great essential. Books have been
published with indexes that contained no reference at all, and until
late years glossaries have usually been compiled without references to
the places where the different words are used.
Mr. Peacock has drawn my attention to the reprint of Whitelock’s
_Memorials_, published by the University of Oxford in 1853. The
original edition is in one volume folio (1682, reprinted 1732), and
the new edition is in four volumes octavo, but, to save expense, the
_old_ index was printed to the _new_ book. The difficulty was in part
got over by giving the pages of the 1732 edition in the margin; but, as
may be imagined, it is a most troublesome business to find anything by
it. If the old index were a good one, there might be some excuse for
its retention; but it is thoroughly bad, and all the mere misprints are
retained in the new one. As a specimen of the extreme inaccuracy of the
compilation, it may be mentioned that under one heading of 34 entries
Mr. Peacock detected seven blunders, and, moreover, he does not think
that this is at all an unfavourable specimen. Although Mr. Peacock has
no statistics of the other entries, his experience leads him to believe
that if any heading were taken at random, about one in four of the
entries would be found to be misprinted.
An extreme case of misleading references is given in the Index of
Authors appended to the old Classified Catalogue of the Library of
Congress (Washington, 1840). The references here are not to pages
but to chapters, and as some of the chapters extend over one hundred
pages it may be guessed that a very tedious search has to be made; for
instance, to find the reference _Abdy_, it is necessary to look over as
many as seventy pages.
It has been said that a bad index is better than no index at all,
but this is open to question, as the incomplete index deceives the
consulter. We have fair warning of this incompleteness in _The Register
of Corpus Christi Guild, York_, published by the Surtees Society in
1872, where we read on p. 321--“This Index contains the names of all
persons mentioned in the Appendix and foot-notes, but a selection only
is given of those who were admitted into the Guild or enrolled in the
Obituary.” The plan here adopted is not to be commended, for it is
clear that so important a name-list as this is should be thoroughly
indexed. However learned and judicious an editor may be, we do not
choose to submit to his judgment in the offhand decision of what is,
and what is not--unimportant.
Many of the best indexes are indexes and something more; that is,
information is added which may not be in the book itself, such as
the date of birth and death of the persons mentioned, in order to
distinguish between those bearing the same proper names. Mr. Ralph
Thomas has added to his interesting notice of Quérard[32] (a pamphlet
of 48 pages), an Index of eight pages. This index contains several such
entries as the following:--
“Athenæum, The, no general index to, great literary want (and
the Athenæum reproached the Edinburgh Review for remissness in
not keeping up its indexes!).”
The Index of Authors appended to De Morgan’s Arithmetical Books, 1847,
includes a list of reported Authors of works on Arithmetic which are
not noticed in the book, but these of course have no mark of reference.
By this means the Index shows the deficiencies of the book as well as
its riches. It is needful, however, that the information added should
be correct. An important example of the effect of wrong indexing is
given in Merewether and Stephens’s “History of Boroughs and Municipal
Corporations.” The word “Incorporation” is introduced into the index of
the Patent Rolls without authority from the text, and long before there
were incorporations in this country. The first actual use of the term
is in the Charter of Incorporation of Hull (18. Henr. VI.), but upon
the error in this index many other blunders have been founded.
The Indexer needs knowledge so as to be able to correct his author when
necessary, for the most careful author will make slips occasionally,
and it is highly satisfactory when the Indexer can set him right. He
needs to be specially upon his guard in the case of misprints. Probably
the most fruitful source of blundering is the confusion of the letters
_u_ and _n_. These are identical in old MSS., and consequently the
copyist sometimes finds it difficult to decide which he shall use. In
Capgrave’s Chronicle of England is a reference to the “londe of Iude”
[Judæa], but this is mis-spelt _Inde_ in the edition published in the
Master of the Rolls’ series in 1858. Here we have a simple misprint
which can easily be set right, but the Indexer has enlarged it into a
wonderful blunder. Under the letter I is the following curious piece of
information:--
“India ... conquered by Judas Maccabeus and his brethren, 56.”!!
Many more instances of this confusion of the letters _u_ and _n_ might
be given here, but two will suffice. George Lo_n_don was a very eminent
horticulturist in his day, who, at the Revolution, was appointed
Superintendent of the Royal Gardens, but he can seldom get his name
properly spelt, because a later horticulturist has made the name
Lo_u_don more familiar. The reverse mistake was one made by the Duke
of Wellington. C. J. Loudon (whose handwriting was not very legible)
wrote to the Duke a request that he might see the Waterloo beeches at
Stratfieldsaye. The letter puzzled the Duke, who knew nothing of the
horticulturist, and read C. J. Lo_u_don as C. J. Lo_n_don and beeches
as breeches; so he wrote off to Bishop Blomfield that his Waterloo
breeches disappeared long ago.
The worst blunders are not made by the ignorant, but by those who
think themselves clever and jump to unwarranted conclusions; for
instance, the compiler of a history of Norwich attributed a work
on the Differential Calculus by a Fellow of St. John’s College,
Cambridge, to a medical practitioner of the town; but in order to make
the subject more appropriate, he inserted the information in the
following form--“to our respected fellow-townsman Mr. Arthur Brown we
are indebted for a valuable treatise on _different calculi_”! There
are few mistakes easier fallen into by Cataloguers and Indexers than
that of rolling two men into one, and few blunders are less easily
forgiven by the objects of the confusion; thus Bishop Jebb is said
to have been in dismay when he found himself identified in Watt’s
_Bibliotheca Britannica_ with his uncle the Unitarian writer. In
Dircks’s _Worcesteriana_ (1866) there is a curious muddle of this kind.
The first reprint of the Marquis of Worcester’s _Century of Inventions_
was issued by Thomas Payne, the highly respected bookseller of the Mews
Gate, in 1746, but Mr. Dircks positively asserts that the “notorious
Tom Paine” was the publisher of it, thus ignoring the different
spelling of the two names.
A curious instance of uniting two men into one will be found in the
_Athenæum_ for May 13, 1871, where we read that “William Haidinger
von Franz Ritter v. Hauer, the geologist and mineralogist, has died
recently.” What is here supposed to be one name is really the title of
a biography of Haidinger by von Hauer.
There are a considerable number of names which have been created
through the misreading of difficult words, and names of persons who
never existed have by this means found their way into Biographical
Dictionaries. In the Zoological Bibliography of Agassiz, there is an
imaginary author, by name J. K. Broch, whose work, “Entomologische
Briefe,” was published in 1823. This pamphlet is anonymous, and written
by one who signed himself J. K. _Broch._ is merely an explanation in
the catalogue from which the entry was taken, that it was a brochure.
Moreri created an author whom he styled “Dorus Basilicus” out of
the title of James the First’s Δωρον βασιλικον, and Bishop Walton
supposed the title of the great Arabic Dictionary, the _Kamoos_, or
Ocean, to be the name of an author whom he quotes as “Camus.” In the
_Biographie Universelle_ there is a life of one “Nicholas Donis” by
Baron Walckenaer, that name being a mere blundering alteration of
“Dominus Nicholas,” this Benedictine monk’s true appellation. Thevenot,
in his Travels, refers to the fables of “Damné et Calilve,” meaning
the Hitopadesa or Pilpay’s Fables. His translator calls them the fables
of the damned Calilve. This is on a par with De Quincey’s specimen of
a French Abbé’s Greek. Having to paraphrase the words “Ἡροδοτος και
ιαζων,” (Herodotus even while Ionicizing), the Frenchman rendered them
“Herodote et aussi Jazon,” thus creating a new author, one Jazon.[33]
In the _Present State of Peru_, a compilation from the _Mercurio
Peruano_, P. Geronymo Roman de la Higuera is transformed into “Father
Geronymo, a Romance of La Higuera”! Well may we say to the worthy
priest what Peter Quince said to Bottom, “Bless thee, bless thee, thou
art translated.”
The scissors-and-paste compilers are peculiarly liable to such errors
as these, and Wilson Croker proved in the Quarterly Review that the
_Mémoires de Louis XVIII._ (published in 1832) was a mendacious
compilation from the _Mémoires de Bachaumont_ by giving examples of the
compiler’s blundering. One of these muddles is well worth quoting, and
it occurs in the following passage: “Seven bishops--of _Puy_, Gallard
de Terraube; of _Langres_, La Luzerne; of _Rhodez_, Seignelay-Colbert;
of _Gast_, Le Tria; of _Blois_, Laussiere Themines; of _Nancy_,
Fontanges; of _Alais_, Beausset; of _Nevers_, Seguiran.” Had the
compiler taken the trouble to count his own list, he would have seen
that he had given eight names instead of seven, and so have suspected
that something was wrong; but he was not paid to think. The fact is
that there is no such place as Gast, and was no such person as Le Tria.
The Bishop of Rhodez was Seignelay-Colbert de Castle Hill, a descendant
of the Scotch family of Cuthbert of Castle Hill, in Inverness-shire,
and Bachaumont misled his successor by writing Gast Le Hill for Castle
Hill. The introduction of a stop and a little misspelling originated
the blunder as we now find it.
An author is sometimes turned into a place, as in the article on
_Stenography_ in Rees’s Cyclopædia. John Nicolai published a Treatise
on the Signs of the Ancients at the beginning of the last century, and
the writer of the article having seen it stated that a certain fact was
to be found in Nicolai, jumped to the conclusion that it was the name
of a place and wrote: “It was at Nicolai that this method of writing
was first introduced to the Greeks by Xenophon himself.”
D’Israeli gives a few curious instances of supposed authors in his
_Curiosities of Literature_--“A book was written in praise of Ciampini
by Ferdinand Fabiani, who quoting a French narrative of travels in
Italy, took for the name of the author the following words, found at
the end of the title-page, _Enrichi de deux Listes_; that is, ‘Enriched
with two Lists:’ on this he observes ‘that Mr. Enriched with two Lists
has not failed to do that justice to Ciampini which he merited.’ The
abridgers of Gesner’s Bibliotheca ascribe the romance of _Amadis_ to
one _Acuerdo Olvido_: Remembrance, Oblivion. Not knowing that these two
words on the title-page of the French version of that book formed the
translator’s Spanish motto. D’Aquin, the French King’s physician, in
his memoir on the preparation of Bark, takes _Mantissa_, which is the
title of the Appendix to the History of Plants by Johnstone, for the
name of an author, and who he says is so extremely rare, that he only
knows him by name.” To these may be added _S. Viar_, whose existence
was supposed to be proved by an inscription until an antiquary showed
that the complete reading of the mutilated stone was
[PRÆFECTU]S . VIAR[UM.]
Also the _August Oriuna_, supposed to be the wife of Carausius, of whom
Dr. Stukeley wrote some theoretical memoirs. This blunder originated in
the credulous Doctor’s misreading of the inscription on a battered coin
of Carausius:--
ORIVNA AVG . _for_ FORTVNA AVG.
The French often fall into this class of blunders from their constant
practice of translating or explaining whatever it is supposed can be
translated or explained, thus G. Brunet of Bordeaux, having occasion in
his “La France Littéraire au XVe Siècle,” to mention “White Knights,”
the seat of the Duke of Marlborough, translates it “Le Chevalier
Blanc.”[34] When Dr. Buckland, the distinguished geologist, died, a
certain French paper published a biography of him, in which it was
explained that the deceased had been a very versatile writer, for
besides his works on Geology, he had produced one, “Sur les ponts et
chaussées.” This was a puzzle at first, but it was soon found that
the Bridgewater Treatise was here alluded to. The French love of
translation and explanation is amusingly illustrated in the _Annuaire
des Sociétés Savantes, par le Cte. Achmet d’Hericourt_, 1863, where
the author, in his notice of the Geological and Polytechnic Society
of the West Riding of Yorkshire, says that as it is known that the
English word _Ride_ means a “voyage à cheval ou en voiture,” it might
be thought that this was a “Société hippique,” but he obligingly adds
that it is not so.
We have already seen in several cases how dangerous it is to jump to
conclusions, but we have still to point out the particular danger of
filling out contractions without sufficient knowledge. Pope, in a note
on _Measure for Measure_, informs us that the story was taken from
Giraldi Cinthio’s novel Dec. 8, Nov. 5, thus contracting the words
Decade and Novel. Warburton, in his edition of Shakespeare, was misled
by these contractions, and filled them out as December 8, and November
5. An error of the same kind is made by Dr. Allibone in his Dictionary
of English Literature, under the heading of Isaac Disraeli. He notices
new editions of that author’s works revised by the Right Hon. the
Chancellor of the Exchequer, of course Isaac’s son Benjamin (now Earl
of Beaconsfield and Prime Minister); but unfortunately there were two
Chancellors in 1858, and Allibone chooses the wrong one, printing as
information to the reader that the reviser was Sir George Cornewall
Lewis. But still worse was the following emendation of an ‘intelligent’
printer. A writer in one of the reviews sent his copy to press with the
contraction “J. C. first invaded Britain,” and the compositor, who made
it his business to fill up all such abbreviations, instead of Julius
Cæsar, set up _Jesus Christ_.[35]
Next in importance to the selection of appropriate headings in an
Index is the careful use of cross references. Great judgment is here
required, as the consulters are naturally irritated by being referred
backwards and forwards, particularly in a large Index. At the same
time, if judiciously inserted, such references are a great help.
When the entries are short and few, it is better to repeat them than
to refer from one to the other. In the case of long entries cross
references are very advantageous, and it is always well to refer to
cognate headings.[36] This, however, must not be carried too far; for,
as Mr. Poole says in an article on his own index,[37] “If every subject
shall have cross references to its allies, the work will be mainly a
book of cross references rather than an index of subjects.” He adds,
“One correspondent gives fifty-eight cross references under Mental
Philosophy, and fifty-eight more might be added just as appropriate.”
At all events let the cross references be real. In Eadie’s Dictionary
of the Bible (1850), there is a reference “Dorcas _see_ Tabitha,” but
there is no entry under Tabitha at all.
No reference to the contents of a general heading which is without
subdivision should be allowed.[38] There are too many of these vague
cross references in the Penny Cyclopædia, where you are referred
from the known to the unknown. If a general heading be divided into
sections, and each of these be clearly defined, they should be cross
referenced, but not otherwise. At present you may look for Pesth and
be referred to Hungary, where probably there is much about Pesth, but
you do not know where to look for it in the long article without clue.
Sometimes cross references are mere expedients, particularly in the
case of a cyclopædia published in volumes or numbers. Thus a writer
agrees to contribute an article early in the alphabet, but is not
ready in time for the publication of the part, so a cross reference is
inserted which sends the reader to a synonym later on in the alphabet.
In certain cases this has been done two or three times. In Cobbett’s
_Woodlands_ there is a good specimen of backwards and forwards cross
referencing. The author writes: “Many years ago I wished to know
whether I could raise birch trees from the _seed_.... I then looked
into the great book of knowledge, the Encyclopædia Britannica; there I
found in the general dictionary--
BIRCH TREE.--See _Betula_ (Botany Index).
I hastened to BETULA with great eagerness and there I found--
BETULA.--See _Birch_ Tree.
That was all, and this was pretty encouragement.”
Cross referencing has its curiosities as well as other branches of our
subject. Perhaps the most odd collection of cross references are to
be found in Hawkins’s _Pleas of the Crown_, of which it was said in
the _Monthly Magazine_ for June, 1801 (p. 419) “A plain unlettered man
is led to suspect that the writer of the volume and the writer of the
index are playing at cross purposes.” The following are some of the
most amusing entries, but there are many more as good:
Assault, _see_ Son.
Cards, _see_ Dice.
Cattle, _see_ Clergy.
Chastity, _see_ Homicide.
Coin, _see_ High Treason.
Convicts, _see_ Clergy.
Death, _see_ Appeal.
Election, _see_ Bribery.
Farthing, _see_ Halfpenny.
Fear, _see_ Robbery.
Footway, _see_ Nuisance.
Honour, _see_ Constable.
King, _see_ Treason.
London, _see_ Outlawry.
Shop, _see_ Burglary.
Sickness, _see_ Bail.
The Index to Ford’s Handbook of Spain contains an amusing reference--
Wellington, _see_ Duke.
But perhaps the strangest place to find a cross reference is on a
tombstone. In Barnes churchyard the following inscription was put up to
a once famous actor:--
Mr. J. Moody
A native of the Parish of Saint Clement Danes
and an old Member of Drury Lane Theatre.
For his Memoirs see the European Magazine; for his professional
abilities see Churchill’s Rosciad.
Obiit Dec. 26 1812,
Anno Ætatis 85.
II.
Intimately connected with compilation is arrangement, for however well
the contents of a book may be analysed, the result will not form a good
Index unless it is well arranged.
An Index should be one and indivisible, and not broken up into several
alphabets, thus every work ought to have its complete Index whether
it is one volume or many.[39] This important rule has frequently
been neglected in English books, and is almost universally rejected
in Foreign ones, to the great inconvenience of readers. An Index may
be arranged either chronologically, alphabetically, or according to
classes, but great confusion will be caused by uniting the three. The
alphabetical arrangement is so simple, so convenient, and so easily
understood by all, that it has naturally superseded the other forms,
but some still cling to the rags of classification, in the belief
that that is a more scientific arrangement. The evil of this is that
the consulter is never sure whether the reference he requires may
not be lurking in some place that he has missed, but in the case of
a single alphabet an answer to the question “Does the Index contain
what I require?” is obtained at once. Classification is the reverse
of this, for, as Mr. Poole says in his observations on the proposal
of one of his helpers to place Wealth, Finance, and Population under
the head of Political Economy--“the fatal defect of every classified
arrangement is that nobody understands it except the person who made it
and he is often in doubt.” The general principle here enunciated will
perhaps be better understood by reference to a few examples. Brayley’s
_Surrey_, in five volumes, has a separate Index to each volume, and
it is a pretty general experience that whatever is wanted is sure to
be found in the last volume consulted. The new edition of Hutchins’s
_Dorset_, 1874, has at the end eight separate Indexes, 1. Places; 2.
Pedigrees; 3. Persons; 4. Arms; 5. Blazons; 6. Glossarial; 7. Domesday;
8. Inquisitions. How much thought is here required which would not
be needed were all united into one alphabet. The general Index to
the Reports of the British Association is a most inconvenient one
to use, as it is split up into six alphabets; but the evil of these
subdivisions is most marked in Indexes to the various volumes of the
_Athenæum_, which are so subdivided that they are practically useless.
Who would rack his brain to find under which of the many headings the
subject he requires is likely to be hidden? These divided Indexes are
the exception in English books, but abroad almost every Index is in two
parts: 1. Persons; 2. Things. The Index to Arago’s complete works has
the threefold division: 1. Auteurs; 2. Cosmique; 3. Matières. If this
division be made, it ought surely to be carried out correctly, and yet
in the _Autoren Register_ to Carus’ and Engelmann’s Bibliography of
Zoology may be found the following entries: _Schreiben_; _Schriften_;
_Zu_ Humboldts Cosmos; _Zur_ Fauna.
The inconveniences of classification in an index are so palpable
that it is needless to add more, but a list of titles of books that
have given trouble to bibliographers, and at sundry times have been
misarranged, will perhaps be amusing. Edgeworth’s Essay on Irish Bulls
and a Treatise on the Great Seal have been placed under the heading
of _Zoology_; Napier’s Bones under _Anatomy_; Swinburne’s Under the
Microscope under _Optical Instruments_; a volume of Poems, entitled
the Viol and Lute, under _Musical Instruments_; Ruskin’s Notes on
the Construction of Sheepfolds under _Agriculture_; McEwen on the
Types under _Printing_; and most famous of all, Link, de Stellis
Marinis, under _Astronomy_. Disraeli reports an amusing anecdote of
“an honest friar who compiled a church history and placed in the class
of ecclesiastical writers Guarini, the Italian poet; this arose from
a most risible blunder: on the faith of the title of his celebrated
amorous pastoral _Il Pastor Fido_, ‘The Faithful Shepherd,’ our good
father imagined that the character of a curate, vicar, or bishop, was
represented in this work.”
Such incongruities as these had a charm for the author of the
_Curiosities of Literature_, and he therefore devotes a chapter to the
“Titles of Books.” The foregoing are tempting subjects for the jumpers
to conclusions, but some titles are impenetrable--what, for instance,
can be made of _Labia Dormientum_? It turns out to be a Catalogue of
rabbinical writers, and was so called in reference to a passage in
_Solomon’s Song_, “Like the best wine for my beloved, that goeth down
sweetly, causing _the lips of those that are asleep to speak_” (vii.
19).
In order to help the makers of Indexes in judging of the relative
extent of the various letters of the Alphabet certain calculations have
been made,[40] but the statistics must vary greatly according to the
character of the Index. Thus _B_ is the largest in an Index of English
names, but loses its preeminence in an Index of subjects, and _S_ takes
high rank in both classes.
Mr. Curtis advocates in his paper the arrangement under each initial
letter according to the next following vowel, a plan often adopted in
Locke’s and other Common Place Books, but which is highly inconvenient,
especially when words without a second vowel as _Ash_ and _Epps_ are
placed at the head of each letter, as _Ash_ before _Adam_ and _Abel_;
and _Epps_ before _Ebenezer_.
In arranging entries in alphabetical order it is necessary to sort
them up to the most minute difference of spelling. In order to save
themselves trouble some workers think they may leave off sorting at the
third letter, and their idleness gives others much annoyance. I have
often been troubled in this way when consulting the Index to a large
map of England in which the names of places are not arranged further
than the third letter.
The Alphabetical arrangement has its difficulties which must be
overcome; for instance, it looks awkward when the plural comes before
the singular, and the adjective before the substantive from which it is
formed, as _naval_ and _navies_ before _navy_.
Another difficulty arises when names and words from a foreign language
are introduced into an English Index. The only safe rule in these cases
is to use the English alphabet.[41] One of the Rules of the American
Library Association is, “The German _ae_, _oe_, _ue_ are always to be
written ä, ö, ü, and arranged as a, o, u”; by this Goethe would have
to be written Göthe, which is now an unusual form, and I think it would
be better to insist that where both forms are used, one or other should
be chosen and all instances spelt alike. It is a very common practice
to arrange ä, ö, ü, as if they were written ae, oe, ue, but this leads
to the greatest confusion, and no notice should be taken of letters
that are merely to be understood. Those who have stumbled over the
arrangement that treats the vowel I and consonant J, and the vowel U
and consonant V, as identical, will be glad to have a rule that keeps
them distinct.
Although it has been previously said that words and names must be
arranged in alphabet up to their last letters, it is necessary to bear
in mind that each word is to stand by itself; for instance, first
will come the various persons bearing the surname _Grave_, arranged
according to the order of their Christian names,
Grave, George,
Grave, John,
then the substantive and adjective _grave_, arranged according to the
alphabet of the words that follow,
Grave at Kherson,
Grave of Hope,
Grave Thoughts,
and last,
Gravelot,
Gravesend.[42]
We now come to the consideration of a matter of some perplexity. It is
more of a difficulty for the Cataloguer than for the Indexer, still
it is one with which the latter must grapple. There cannot be two
opinions about the simple rule that a man should be set down under
his surname, but our trouble commences when we ask the question--What
is a surname? The answer to it must necessarily be complicated on
account of the varieties of form which proper names take in different
languages. The greatest difficulty arises from the prefixes, some of
which can easily be dispensed with, while others are integral portions
of the name.[43] If the prefix be a preposition, it must be rejected,
and the name arranged in alphabet under the following letter; thus,
_D’_, _De_, in French, _Da_ in Italian,[44] _Von_ in German, and _Van_
in Dutch, are no real portion of foreign names, which can stand very
well without them. If, however, the prefix be an article, such as the
French _La_, it must be retained; for instance, the full name of the
great astronomer La Place is De La Place, but it is under _L_ that
it could alone be placed with propriety. If no other reason could be
given, a very sufficient one might be found in the fact that were not
_De_ and _Von_ rejected, a large proportion of French and German names
would appear respectively under those prefixes. Although this rule
is generally accepted as the only true one, it is seldom carried out
consistently; thus in the South Kensington Universal Catalogue of Books
on Art, we find D’Ayzac under _Ayzac_, D’Azara under _D_, D’Azeglio
under _A_, De La Blanchère under _D_, De La Borde under _L_, De La Fons
under both _D_ and _L_, with a cross reference from Fons. A logical
difficulty arises when the preposition is joined to the article, as in
_Du_ and _Des_, and here, in order to retain the article, we are forced
to retain the preposition as well. These rules only apply to Foreign
names, and such English names as De Quincey, Delabeche, Van Mildert,
must be arranged under _D_ and _V_ respectively, because the prefixes
are here meaningless.
The rule for the arrangement of compound names differs accordingly as
these names are either English or Foreign.[45] The frequent practice
in England of using surnames as baptismal names gives the united names
the appearance of compound names, which they really are not. The first
name in a foreign compound is almost invariably the true name, and
frequently the second name is that of the owner’s wife or mother.
The French cannot understand our sur-christian-names, and with few
exceptions treat them as true surnames. There is a most amusing blunder
consequent on this misapprehension in the well-known _Biographie
Moderne_, edited by the late Dr. Hoefer, and published by Firmin Didot.
In this valuable Biographical Dictionary there is a long account of
Brigham Young, extending over many columns, but, instead of appearing
under _Y_, it has a place found for it in letter _B_, and the heading
runs as follows: “Brigham le jeune ou Brigham Young”! Although such
an instance as this could not well be paralleled in any English book
of the same high character, we are not as a nation incapable of making
blunders of a like kind. De Morgan remarks, in his Arithmetical Books,
“I have had in one or two instances to throw away German _Authors_
for a very obvious reason. The reader will not find the works of
_Anleitung_ or _Grundriss_ or _Rechenbuch_ in my list, which is more
than can be said of every one that has preceded it.” _Derselbe_ might
have been added, as it sometimes has a very surname-like look. Blunders
are of no particular nationality, and it is needful to use special
vigilance in transferring proper names from the books of one language
to those of another. The most trustful, however, would be on his guard
when dealing with a writer who introduced the Duke of Newcastle to his
readers as “Gul. de Cavendy dux de Xeucathle.”
Sometimes we have to deal with the latinised names of celebrated
men, and it is a very frequent practice to turn these back into the
vernacular, but it may be questioned whether it is right to do so. De
Morgan writes, “I have not attempted to translate the names of those
who wrote in Latin at a time when that language was the universal
medium of communication.... It is well to know that Copernicus,
Dasypodius, Xylander, Regiomontanus, and Clavius were Zepernik,
Rauchfuss, Holtzmann, Müller and Schlüssel. But as the butcher’s bills
of these eminent men are lost, and their writings only remain, it is
best to designate them by the name which they bear on the latter rather
than on the former.”
The question however has pertinently been asked, how are we to act
if the butchers’ bills were by chance to be forthcoming and required
registration in a Catalogue of Manuscripts. Probably in this case also
it would be well to arrange the names under their best known forms.
The Hungarians, and sometimes the Italians, place the surname before
the Christian name, which is very confusing to those unacquainted with
the practice. Sometimes the same difficulty occurs in English from
the manner in which the names are printed; thus we learn from the
_Gentleman’s Magazine_ that
Owen Gallager } died in 1769.
Fleetwood Hesketh }
The Index-maker indexed these as _Gallager_ and _Fleetwood_! so that
the death of Mr. Gallager may easily be found, but the date of Mr.
Hesketh’s death cannot be found at all. The change of family name
is a source of confusion to those unacquainted with the niceties of
genealogy. Mr. Solly draws my attention to a case of this kind in
which the Heskeths changed their name in 1806 to Bamford by Act of
Parliament, and then subsequently obtained another Act to change it
back to Hesketh. Now the name is Lloyd-Hesketh-Bamford-Hesketh, which
is almost as complicated a series as Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer
Lytton, Lord Lytton.[46] This leads us to the rule by which peers are
to be arranged under their titles instead of their family names.[47]
The most usual and certainly most natural practice is so to arrange
them, but the British Museum rule is the reverse, and Mr. Cutter
followed the Museum rule in his full rules, although he did not approve
of it. In the short rules drawn up by Mr. Cutter and a Committee of
the American Library Association[48] this is judiciously altered and
some sound reasons are given for the later decision. The definition of
a name as “that by which a person or thing is known” would naturally
lead to the choice of Chesterfield as the name of the author of
Chesterfield’s Letters, because Stanhope is the name by which he is not
known. It is further added--
“In regard to one objection urged against entry under the
title, that it brings together members of different families
who at various times have had the same title, and that it
separates members of the same family who have held different
titles, the Committee cannot see what this has to do with
the question. The works of the various Smiths are put side
by side in the Catalogue, not because their authors belong
to the same family, which may or may not be the case, but
because their names are spelled alike and must be put
together if they are ever to be found in a Catalogue which is
arranged alphabetically. If the son of James Smith chooses
to uniformly spell his name Smythe he will be put not with
the ancestral Smiths, but among the Smy’s, because he will
be looked for there; and if he is Duke of Abercorn he should
be put under Abercorn for the same reason. A Catalogue is
not a biographical dictionary or a genealogical table, and
its efficiency is in danger of being lessened if its makers
confound the two purposes.”[49]
In some instances, such as Horace Walpole, the name by which the great
letter writer is always known, the rule must be broken, but double
references should be adopted in all doubtful cases; thus Bulwer’s
novels cannot be ignored, although their author’s name must be treated
as Lytton. Apropos of the sound rule that all theories as to the
separation of different members of the same family must be disregarded,
we may mention the case of a great composer. It would be impossible to
arrange the name of Meyerbeer under any other letter than _M_, although
by doing so we place him under his Christian name, and separate him
from his scientific brother Beer. There can hardly be a greater
absurdity than to ferret out a man’s earliest name, and place him under
that. In the British Museum Catalogue the works of Sir Francis Palgrave
are entered under _Cohen_, a name which 999 persons out of every
thousand never heard of in connexion with him.
Bishops, deans and others, holding official titles, must always be
arranged under their family names. It has been objected that reasons
which apply to peers apply also to them; but this is not really the
case, for a bishop is frequently referred to by his surname during his
lifetime, and always so after his death. He has but a life interest in
the name of his see. To illustrate this I would mention two eminent
contemporaries--John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, and Gilbert
Burnet, Bishop of Salisbury. We know the one as Duke of Marlborough and
the other as Bishop Burnet, and we should naturally turn to M. and B.
respectively for their names.
There are a few minor matters worthy of mention in this department of
name headings. The initials which stand for Christian names often give
much trouble, particularly among foreigners. Most Frenchmen consider
themselves too important and well known to need the use of Christian
names, and therefore _M._ usually stands for _Monsieur_; this cannot,
however, be taken for granted without inquiry, for it sometimes means
_Michel_ or other Christian name commencing with _M_. I have noticed
in a German periodical[50] some extreme cases of the careless use of
initials; and the three following will afford good specimens of this:
1. H. D. Gerling; 2. H. W. Brandes; 3. D. W. Olbers. Here all three
cases look alike, but in the first H. D. represent two titles--Herr
Doctor; in the second H. W. represent two Christian names--Heinrich
Wilhelm; and in the third, one title and one Christian name are
intended--Dr. W. Olbers. To some these points will appear trivial,
but they are not so to those who have undergone endless trouble in
unravelling the enigmas. The indexer should insert the names of
persons in all simplicity, and ruthlessly omit the Mr. so frequently
used by his author.[51] It was the neglect of this rule which angered
Dr. Johnson. Boswell records how, “happening to mention Mr. Flaxman,
a dissenting minister, with some compliment to his exact memory in
chronological matters, the Dr. replied, ‘Let me hear no more of him,
Sir. That is the fellow who made the Index to my Ramblers, and set down
the name of Milton thus: Milton, _Mr._ John.’”
It is amusing to find that in spite of this ebullition no means were
taken to remedy the evil. Johnson died in 1784, and yet in the twelfth
edition of the _Rambler_, dated 1791, which is now before me, I find
the same dishonouring title still retained. Besides _Mr._ Milton,
notices of _Mr._ Richard Baxter, _Mr._ Abraham Cowley, _Mr._ John
Dryden, _Mr._ Alexander Pope, and _Mr._ Edmund Spenser will be found in
the Index.
Oddities in names give trouble, and are frequently the cause of
blunders; for instance, there are living at the same time grandfather,
father and grandson, who all bear the same names. To distinguish
himself, the grandson adds the word _Tertius_ to his name, and his card
is printed as _John Smith Ter._ Now ‘Ter’ is so unusual an affix that a
hurried cataloguer or indexer might almost be excused for treating it
as Mr. Smith’s surname.
The signatures of Peers and Bishops are a source of trouble to many,
thus a certain eminent bookseller is said to have once received a
letter signed ‘George Winton,’ proposing the publication of a life of
Pitt, but, as he did not know the name, he paid no attention to the
letter, and was much astonished when he afterwards learnt that his
correspondent was no less a person than Pitt’s friend and former tutor,
George Pretyman Tomline Bishop of Winchester. This is akin to the
mistake of the Scotch doctor attending on the Princess Charlotte during
her illness, who said that ‘ane Jean Saroom’ had been continually
making inquiries, but not knowing the fellow he had taken no notice
of him. Thus the Bishop of Salisbury was treated with contempt by one
totally ignorant of his dignity. There is a reverse case of a catalogue
made by a worthy bookseller of the name of _William London_, which was
long supposed to be the work of Dr. William Juxon, the Bishop of London
at the time of publication.
A very amusing blunder of this class is said to have occurred lately.
A certain person received a document signed “Richmond & Gordon,” and
being imperfectly acquainted with the refinements of the peerage, he
directed his answer for the Duke to “Messrs. Richmond and Gordon.”
It has been suggested that all lists of errata in books should be
indexed, and there is no doubt that the chief items in these lists
should be referred to, as they are otherwise likely to be overlooked.
It is worse than useless to refer to a mis-statement in the text
without reference to the place where it is set right. This hint is the
more important, in that these mistakes are frequently repeated without
any notice being taken of the overlooked _errata_. The errata pointed
out in Sir Thomas Browne’s _Religio Medici_ (1643) were not corrected
in subsequent editions, and many other books have remained in similar
case. The first book with a printed errata is the Venice Juvenal of
1478, previously the mistakes had been corrected by the pen. One of the
longest lists of errata on record is in the edition of the works of
Picus of Mirandula, printed by Knoblauch of Strasburg in 1507, which
occupies fifteen folio pages. An English printer, however, has managed
to distance the foreigner in the race of carelessness, for a little
book of only 172 pages, entitled the “Anatomy of the Mass,” 1561,
has also a list of errata of fifteen pages. Dr. Johnson, referring
in his _Life of Lord Lyttelton_ to his subject’s _History of Henry
II._ (1773), speaks of the 19 pages of errata as something which “the
world had hardly seen before.” Disraeli gives, in his _Curiosities of
Literature_, some amusing instances of misreadings purposely inserted
in the text, with the sole object of being corrected in the errata.
Wherever the Inquisition had any power, particularly at Rome, the
use of the word fatum or fata in any book was strictly prohibited.
An author desirous of using the latter word, adroitly invented this
scheme: he had printed in his book _facta_, and in the errata he
put, for _facta_ read _fata_. Scarron did the same thing on another
occasion. He had composed some verses, at the head of which he placed
this dedication: _A Guillemette, chienne de ma Sœur_; but, having a
quarrel with his sister, he maliciously put in the _errata_, instead of
_Chienne de ma Sœur_ read _ma chienne de Sœur_.
III.
Some Indexers suppose that their work is complete when they have made
their Index, but they need to prepare their copy for the press, and
also to see that their instructions are carried out by the printer.
Much of the value of an Index depends upon the mode in which it
is printed, and every endeavour should be made to set it out with
clearness. It was not the practice in old Indexes to bring the Indexed
word to the front, but to leave it in its place in the sentence, so
that the alphabetical order was not made perceptible to the eye. This
is now changed, but the evil still exists in the newspaper lists of
Births, Deaths and Marriages, more especially in those of the _Times_.
When the penny papers were started they introduced the improvement
of setting the name at the beginning of the entry as a heading. The
_Times_ took the hint from its less august contemporaries, but would
not condescend to copy them completely, so that the extent of the
change was the printing of the names in small capitals. It is to be
hoped that at some future day this pride may be overcome and the
public be allowed to enjoy the convenience of reading the name first.
The inconvenience of the present system is greatest in the marriage
advertisements, where the officiating clergy, about whom the reader
cares nothing, take precedence, and crowd out of sight the hero and
heroine. _Punch_ had a good skit on this nuisance once, and said that
when a poor man was thus hidden under a pile of parsons it became
impossible to know what really had happened to him; whether he was in
fact born, married, dead, or bankrupt!
Where the reduction of space is not an object, the titles of each
article should be made to occupy a separate line, by which means the
headings are brought more prominently before the eye. There are few
points in which the printer is more likely to go wrong (if not watched)
than in the use of marks of repetition, and many otherwise good Indexes
are full of the most perplexing instances of their misapplication. The
dash is a far better mark of repetition than mere indentation, but
it must be kept for entries exactly similar.[52] The neglect of this
rule leads to the perpetration of the greatest absurdities, thus the
oft-quoted instance--
“Mill on Liberty
---- on the Floss.”
is not an invention, but actually occurred in a catalogue. The
following are good examples of what to avoid.
From the Index of the _Companion to the Almanac_ (Lond. 1843)
New Albion
---- Annuities
---- Bread
---- Brentford
Bartholomew Massacre
---- Lane
Brimstone, duty on
---- butterfly
Cotton, Sir Willoughby
----, price of,
Old Stratford Bridge
---- Style
---- Swinford
From the Index of _Pepys’s Diary_ (various editions)
Child, Mr.
---- of Hales, the, a giant
Court ladies, masculine attire of the
---- of Arches
Fish, method of preserving
----, Mrs.
Ireland, state of affairs in, &c.
----, a cooper
Katherine Hall, Cambridge
---- Pear
---- of Valois
---- the Man of War
---- Yacht
Kentish Knock, the, a Shoal
---- Town
Lamb’s Conduit
---- Wool
Old age
---- Artillery Yard
---- Bailey
Orange Moll
----, old Prince of
Scotland, state of
---- Yard
The opposite evil of repeating the heading, even when identical, is
rarer, but almost as confusing.
It is so easy to confuse two men of the same name together that every
help towards keeping them distinct which the printer can give should be
adopted. We have already drawn attention to this point, but it is so
important a matter that the reader will perhaps excuse the insertion
here of two more anecdotes to close the subject with. An Englishman on
a visit to the United States carried with him a letter of introduction
to Dr. Channing, but through inadvertence he called upon the great
man’s brother, who was a physician. The doctor soon found out that the
visit was not intended for him, so he said to the Englishman: “You have
made a mistake, it is the Dr. Channing who preaches that you want, I am
the Dr. Channing who practises.”
Very sore feelings are apt to be engendered between men who are
constantly being confused together, and in the following case one of
the parties did not adopt the means best suited to heal differences,
but laid himself open to a well-merited rebuke. Two men bearing the
same names lived in the same country town. One was a clergyman of
the Church of England, and the other was a Dissenting minister. On
a certain occasion the clergyman received a letter intended for the
minister, which he forwarded with a note to this effect--“Had you
not taken a title (Rev.) to which you have no claim, this mistake
would not have occurred.” Shortly afterwards a parcel containing some
lithographed sermons intended for the clergyman were delivered by
mistake to the minister, who sent them on with this note--“Had you not
undertaken an office for which you appear to be unfitted, this mistake
would not have occurred.”
In the previous pages a few of the chief difficulties of the
Index-maker have been commented upon: stumbling-blocks with which he is
too well acquainted, but which are very generally ignored by others.
He must endeavour to attain perfection, but he will always have the
unpleasant feeling that something may have been missed, and so strong
was this feeling with a contributor to the _Notes and Queries_ that he
sent the following acrostic as a motto for an Index:--[53]
I I
N never
D did
E ensure
X exactness
The Index-maker of modern days must needs depend upon himself, for he
has not the help that the young man mentioned by Giraldus had when
he could discern the false passages in a book by the crowd of devils
which they attracted. Such _devils_ as these would be invaluable in a
printing office!
If, however, the Indexer, in common with the Bibliographer, has
his troubles, he has his reward, for we have already seen that the
claims of a big book to notice have been grounded upon its possession
of a good index, and De Morgan, when entering his own Elements of
Arithmetic in the account of _Arithmetical Books_, writes:--“Books of
Bibliography last longer than elementary works, so that I have a chance
of standing in a list to be made two centuries hence, which the book
itself would certainly not procure me.”
There is, therefore, hope for us that when our other works are
forgotten, we may still live as the compilers of an index.
* * * * *
[Since the previous pages have been printed off, I have been told by
Dr. Greenhill of Hastings that our late learned friend Thomas Watts of
the British Museum spoke to him about the formation of an Index Society
as early as the year 1842.
I am also able, through the kindness of Mr. Macray, to illustrate the
printer’s blunder on page 53 from a work by one of the most careful and
trustworthy of editors, viz., “Historie of ... Edward IV. 1471,” edited
by John Bruce 1838 (Camden Society). At p. 7 we read: “Wherefore the
Kynge may say as Julius Cæsar sayde, he that is nat agaynst me is with
me.”]
* * * * *
The following rules have been drawn up by the Committee, in order to
obtain uniformity in the compilation of their Indexes. They are not
considered as final, and can be added to as occasion may require.
In some few points the respective rules for Cataloguing and for
Indexing are identical, but in the majority of instances the rules made
for the former will not apply to the latter.
Those who require rules for Cataloguing should obtain the British
Museum Rules, Mr. Cutter’s full Rules, forming the second part of the
Special Report on American Libraries, and the short Rules drawn up by
a Committee of the American Library Association, and printed in the
Library Journal.
RULES FOR OBTAINING UNIFORMITY IN THE INDEXES OF BOOKS.
1.--Every work should have one Index for the whole set and not an Index
to each volume.
2.--Indexes to be arranged in Alphabetical Order:--proper names and
subjects being united in _one_ alphabet. An Introduction, containing
some indication of the classification of the contents of the book
indexed, to be prefixed.
3.--The entries to be arranged according to the order of the English
Alphabet. I and J, and U and V, to be kept distinct.
4.--Headings consisting of two or more distinct words are not to be
treated as integral portions of one word, thus the arrangement should
be:--
_Grave_, John, } {Grave at Kherson.
_Grave_ at Kherson} {Grave, John.
_Grave_ of Hope } not {Gravelot.
_Grave_ Thoughts } {Grave of Hope.
_Gravelot_ } {Gravesend.
_Gravesend_ } {Grave Thoughts.
5.--Proper Names of foreigners to be alphabetically arranged under the
prefixes:--
_Dal_ } {_Dal Sie_.
_Del_ } {_Del Rio_.
_Della_} as {_Della Casa_.
_Des_ } {_Des Cloiseaux_.
_Du_ } {_Du Bois_.
_La_ } {_La Condamine_.
_Le_ } {_Le Sage_.
but _not_ under the prefixes:--
_D’_ as _Abbadie_ not _D’Abbadie_.
_Da_ ” _Silva_ ” _Da Silva_.
_De_ ” _La Place_ ” _De La Place_.
_Von_ ” _Humboldt_ ” _Von Humboldt_.
_Van_ ” _Beneden_ ” _Van Beneden_.
It is an acknowledged principle that when the prefix is a preposition
it is to be rejected, but when an article it is to be retained. When,
however, as in the case of the French _Du_, _Des_, the two are joined,
it is necessary to retain the preposition. This also applies to the
case of the Italian _Della_, which is often rejected by cataloguers.
English Names are, however, to be arranged under the prefixes
_De_ } {_De Quincey_.
_Dela_} as {_Delabeche_.
_Van_ } {_Van Mildert_.
because these prefixes are meaningless in English and form an integral
part of the name.
6.--Proper Names, with the prefix St., as _St. Albans_, _St. John_, to
be arranged in the alphabet as if written in full _Saint_. When the
word _Saint_ represents a ceremonial title as in the case of St. Alban,
St. Giles, and St. Augustine, these names to be arranged under the
letters A and G respectively; but the places St. Albans, St. Giles’s,
and St. Augustines will be found under the prefix _Saint_. The prefixes
M‘ and Mc to be arranged as if written in full _Mac_.
7.--Peers to be arranged under their titles, by which alone in most
cases they are known, and not under their family names, except in such
a case as Horace Walpole, who is almost unknown by his title of Earl
of Orford, which came to him late in life. Bishops, Deans, etc., to be
always under their family names.
8.--Foreign compound names to be arranged under the first name, as
_Lacaze Duthiers_, English compound names under the last, except in
such cases as _Royston-Pigott_, where the first name is a true surname.
The first name in a foreign compound is, as a rule, the surname, but
the first name in an English compound is usually a mere Christian name.
9.--An Adjective frequently to be preferred to a substantive as a
catchword, for instance, when it contains the point of the compounds,
as _Alimentary_ Canal, _English_ History. Also when the compound forms
a distinctive name, as _Soane_ Museum.
10.--The entries to be as short as is consistent with intelligibility,
but the insertion of names without _specification of the cause of
reference_ to be avoided, except in particular cases. The extent of the
references, when more than one page, to be marked by giving the first
and last pages.
11.--Short entries to be repeated under such headings as are likely to
be required, in place of a too frequent use of cross references. These
references, however, to be made from cognate headings, as _Cerebral_ to
_Brain_ and _vice versa_, where the subject matter is different.
12.--In the case of Journals and Transactions brief abstracts of the
contents of the several articles or papers to be drawn up and arranged
in the alphabetical index under the heading of the article.
13.--Authorities quoted or referred to in a book to be indexed under
each author’s name, the titles of his works being separately set out,
and the word ‘quoted’ added in italics.
14.--When the indexed page is large, or contains long lists of names,
it is to be divided into four sections, referred to respectively as
_a_, _b_, _c_, _d_; thus if a page contains 64 lines, 1-16 will be _a_,
17-32 _b_, 33-48 _c_, 49-64 _d_. If in double columns, the page is
still to be divided into four: _a_ and _b_ forming the upper and lower
halves of the first column, and _c_ and _d_ the upper and lower halves
of the second column.
15.--When a work is in more than one volume, the number of the volume
is to be specified by small Roman numerals. In the case of long sets,
such as the _Gentleman’s Magazine_, a special Arabic numeral for
indicating the volume distinct from the page numeral may be employed
with advantage.
16.--Entries which refer to complete chapters or distinct papers, to be
printed in small capitals.
17.--Headings to be printed in a marked type. A dash, instead of
indentation, to be used as a mark of repetition. The dash to be
kept for entries exactly similar, and the word to be repeated when
the second differs in any way from the first. The proper name to be
repeated when that of a different person. In the case of joint authors,
the Christian names or initials of the first, whose surname is arranged
in the alphabet, to be in parentheses, but the Christian names of the
second to be in the natural order, as _Smith_ (John) and Alexander
_Brown_, not _Smith_ (John) and _Brown_ (Alexander).
* * * * *
The above rules do not apply to Subject Indexes, and in certain cases
may need modification in accordance with the special character of the
work to be indexed. In all cases specimens of the index must be seen by
the Committee before it is finally put in hand.
PRELIMINARY LIST OF ENGLISH INDEXES.
Immediately on the formation of the Index Society, Mr. Peacock
suggested the publication of a List of such Indexes as have been
published in separate volumes, and his suggestion was accepted as
one that ought to be carried out. The difficulty then arose as to
what constituted an Index; for instance, many actual Indexes are
not so called, and such books as the _Index Expurgatorius_ are not
really Indexes at all. It was also found that the list would be very
extensive and would take up considerable time in compilation. Under
these circumstances I proposed to add to my account of Index work a
preliminary list of such Indexes as came in my way, and indulgence
is asked for the following catalogue, as it is a mere skeleton of
one division of the subject. I shall be greatly obliged if readers
will send me notice of Foreign Indexes as well as of English ones not
mentioned here, so that materials for a full catalogue to be prepared
hereafter may be gathered together.
I have been greatly assisted in the compilation of this list by
Messrs. Gomme, Peacock, and Solly. Since the first publication I have
received much highly appreciated aid from Messrs. Ashbee, Brightwell,
and Clements, and from Drs. Crompton, J. B. Hamilton, and Francis H.
Brown of Boston, U.S., and from several other kind friends, who sent
me titles of Indexes that had escaped my notice. Prof. Justin Winsor
was good enough to send me a delightful little volume of 134 pages,
entitled, A Handbook for Readers (for the Boston Public Library), which
contains a list of Indexes. I have taken out a few of the titles of
those which I have been unable to see, and have prefixed a star (*) to
them.
SCHEME OF ARRANGEMENT.
Concordances, etc. 75
Indexes of Particular Books 78
---- of Atlases 82
---- of Publications of Societies 83
---- of Periodicals 89
---- of the Statutes 96
---- of Journals of the Houses of Lords and Commons 98
---- of Parliamentary Papers 99
---- to the Proceedings of Public Bodies 101
Miscellaneous Indexes 102
Indexes to Catalogues 107
CONCORDANCES, &c.
_Bible._--A Concordance, that is to saie, a worke wherein by the
ordre of the letters of the A B C ye maie redely finde
any words conteigned in the whole Bible, so often as it
is there expressed or mencioned ... anno 1550. [at end]
Richardus Grafton, typographus Regius excudebat, Mense
Iulii. A. M.D.L. folio.
Dedicated to Edward VI. by the author, John
Marbeck. Title, 4 preliminary leaves, ff. 1-35,
after which the leaves are not numbered. (Sign. a.
1 to vvv. 6 in sixes. Woodcut of Henry VIII. in
council, 1 leaf.)
---- A briefe and Compendiouse table, in a maner of a
Concordaunce openyng the waye to the principall
histories of the whole Bible, and the most com̃on
articles grounded and comprehended in the newe
Testament and olde, in maner as amply as doeth the
great Concordaūce of the Bible. Gathered and set furth
by Henry Bullynger, Leo Jude, Conrade Pellicane, and
by the other Ministers of the Churche of Tygurie. And
nowe first imprinted in Englyshe. D M L ... London for
Gwalter Lynne 1550. Sm. 8vo. A to T 2 in eights.
R. F. Hervey published a Concordance in 1579, which went through
several editions; C. Cotton published one in 1622 also frequently
reprinted; J. Downame one in 1632 of which there are later editions;
and Robert Wickens one at Oxford in 1655. The “Cambridge” Concordance
of Samuel Newman (1650), of which a third improved edition was issued
in 1682, long held its own, but it and all others were superseded on
the publication of Cruden’s Concordance.
---- A complete Concordance to the Holy Scriptures of the
Old and New Testaments. By Alexander Cruden, M.A.
London, 1737. 4to.
Second edition 1761, third edition 1769; this is
the last corrected by the author.
Most of the Concordances published since are
founded upon Cruden.
---- A Concordance to the Psalms of David according to the
version in the Book of Common Prayer. By the Rev.
Charles Girdlestone. London (Rivingtons), 1834. 12mo.
title, preface 1 leaf, pp. 179.
Proper names are in a separate alphabet.
---- A Concordance to the Psalter contained in the Book of
Common Prayer. From the Concordance to the Canonical
Books of the Old and New Testament. London, Society for
Promoting Christian Knowledge. Royal 8vo. title, pp. 75.
---- A Metrical Index to the Bible, or Alphabetical Tables
of the Holy Scriptures in Metre. By Josiah Chorley.
Norwich, 1711. 8vo. pp. 55.
---- Index to The Bible, in which the various subjects which
occur in the Scriptures are alphabetically arranged;
with accurate references to all the books of the Old
and New Testaments. Stereotype edition. London, 1812.
Roy. 4to. pp. 33.
---- An Index to subjects not noticed, or imperfectly
referred to in the Index to the principal matters
contained in the Notes to the Family Bible lately
published under the direction of the Society for
Promoting Christian Knowledge.... By the Rev. H. B.
Wilson, D.D. London, 1818. 4to. pp. 8, sign. B to 2 E 3
in fours.
---- A Concordance of Parallels collected from Bibles and
Commentaries, which have been published in Hebrew,
Latin, French, Italian, Spanish, English and other
languages, with the authorities of each. By the Rev. C.
Cruttwell. Printed for the Author. 1790. 4to. title,
pp. 397, 135.
_Homer._--A Complete Concordance to the Iliad of Homer. By Guy
Lushington Prendergast. London, 1875. 4to. pp. 416, in
double cols.
_Keble._--A Concordance to “The Christian Year.” Oxford and London,
1871. 12mo. pp. 524.
_Liturgy._--A Concordance to the Liturgy or Book of Common Prayer,
etc., according to the use of the United Church of
England and Ireland. By the Rev. J. Green, D.D., Vicar
of St. Neot’s, Hunts. London, 1851. 12mo. pp. x, 431.
_Milton._--A Verbal Index to Milton’s Paradise Lost, adapted to
every edition but the first, which was published in ten
books only. London, 1741. 12mo.
---- A Complete Concordance to the Poetical Works of Milton.
By Guy Lushington Prendergast, Madras Civil Service.
Madras (Pharaoh & Co.), 1857. 4to. title, 1 preliminary
leaf, pp. 416.
Originally published in 12 parts.
---- A Complete Concordance to the Poetical Works of John
Milton. By Charles Dexter Cleveland, LL.D. London
(Sampson Low, Son & Marston), 1867. Sm. 8vo. pp. viii,
308.
The Rev. H. J. Todd compiled a verbal Index to the whole of Milton’s
Poetry which was appended to the second edition of his life of the Poet
(1809).
_Pope._--A Concordance to the Works of Alexander Pope. By Edwin
Abbott, with an Introduction by Edwin A. Abbott, D.D.
London (Chapman & Hall), 1875. Royal 8vo. pp. xviii,
366.
_Shakespeare._--An Index to the remarkable passages and words made
use of by Shakespeare, calculated to point out the
different meanings to which the words are applied. By
Samuel Ayscough. London, 1790. Royal 8vo.
Reprinted Dublin 1791 and London 1827 in demy 8vo.
---- A Complete Verbal Index to the Plays of Shakspeare,
adapted to all the editions, comprehending every
substantive, adjective, verb, participle, and adverb
used by Shakespeare; with a distinct reference to
every individual passage in which each word occurs. By
Francis Twiss. London, 1805. 2 vols. 8vo.
---- The Complete Concordance to Shakspere: being a verbal
Index to all the passages in the dramatic works of the
Poet. By Mrs. Cowden Clarke. London (C. Knight & Co.),
1845. Royal 8vo. pp. viii, 860.
---- Shakespeare-Lexicon: a Complete Dictionary of all the
English words, phrases and constructions in the works
of the poet. By Dr. Alexander Schmidt. (Berlin and
London), 1874. 2 vols. royal 8vo.
---- A Concordance to Shakespeare’s Poems: an Index to every
word therein contained. By Mrs. Horace Howard Furness.
“To your audit comes
Their distract parcels in combined sums.”
Philadelphia (J. B. Lippincott & Co.), 1874. Pp. iv,
422.
---- A Hand-Book Index to the Works of Shakespeare,
including references to the phrases, manners, customs,
proverbs, songs, particles, etc., which are used or
alluded to by the great Dramatist. By J. O. Halliwell,
Esq., F.R.S. London (J. E. Adlard), 1866. 8vo. pp. vi;
contents 1 leaf, pp. 551. Only fifty copies printed.
_Tennyson._--A Concordance of the entire works of Alfred Tennyson,
P.L., D.C.L., F.R.S. By D. Barron Brightwell. London
(Moxon), 1869. 8vo. p. xiv, 477.
---- Concordance to the works of Alfred Tennyson, Poet
Laureate. London (Strahan & Co.), 1870. Pp. 542.
“The Holy Grail,” etc., is indexed separately.
---- An Index to “In Memoriam.” London (E. Moxon & Co.),
1862. 12mo. pp. iv, 40.
_Watts._--A Complete Index to Dr. Watts’ Psalms. By D. Guy, of Rye
in Sussex. 1774. 12mo.
Sigs. B to Y 4.
INDEXES OF PARTICULAR BOOKS.
_Alison’s Europe._--History of Europe from 1815 to 1852, by Sir
Archibald Alison, Bart. Index. Edinburgh (Blackwood),
1859. 8vo. title, pp. 319. In one alphabet.
_Blomefield’s Norfolk._--Index Nominum; being an Index of Christian
and Surnames (with arms), mentioned in Blomefield’s
History of Norfolk, arranged in alphabetical order. By
John Nurse Chadwick. King’s Lynn (published for the
author), 1862. Royal 8vo. pp. 348.
This Index refers to the octavo edition.
_Buffon’s Natural History_--Index to Buffon’s Planches
enluminées. By Thomas Pennant. 1786. 4to.
_Burke’s Landed Gentry._--Index of family names in Burke’s
Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed
Gentry--fourth edition 1863, in Bridger’s _Index to
Pedigrees 1867_, pp. 178-258.
_Burton’s Scotland._--The History of Scotland from
Agricola’s Invasion to the Extinction of the
last Jacobite Insurrection. By John Hill Burton,
Historiographer-Royal for Scotland. Second edition.
Index volume. London and Edinburgh (William Blackwood &
Sons), 1873. 8vo. pp. 100, in double columns.
_Carlyle._--A General Index to the People’s edition of Thomas
Carlyle’s Works. London (Chapman & Hall), 1874. 12mo.
pp. 201.
Mr. Carlyle’s vehement denunciation of books
without indexes is well known, and his sincerity is
proved by this careful compilation.
_Dugdale’s York._--Index to the Visitation of the County of Yorke
begun A.D. 1665 and finished A.D. 1666 by William
Dugdale, Esq. Norroy King of Armes. Compiled by George
J. Armytage. Printed by private subscription. London,
1872. 8vo. title, preface 1 leaf, pp. 40.
In one alphabet, with a list of pedigrees in order
of pages appended. Dugdale’s Visitation was printed
by the Surtees Society in 1859 (vol. 36, their
publications).
_Encyclopædias._--The Encyclopædia Britannica, or Dictionary of
Arts, Sciences and General Literature. Eighth edition.
Index. [By James Duncan.] Edinburgh, 1860. Pp. vii,
232. In one alphabet.
---- Encyclopædia Metropolitana, or Universal Dictionary of
Knowledge ... Index. London, 1845. 4to. pp. iv, 370. In
one alphabet.
---- The English Cyclopædia. Synoptical Index to the four
divisions of Geography, Biography, Natural History,
Arts and Sciences. London, 1862. 4to. pp. iv, 166.
Arranged in four columns.
---- General and Analytical Index to the American
Encyclopædia. By T. J. Conant, D.D., assisted by his
daughter Blandina. New York (Appleton & Co.), 1878. Pp.
viii, 810. 4to. Highly praised in _Library Journal_,
vol. iii. No. 8, p. 303.
*---- Index to Appleton’s Annual Cyclopædia, vol. 1-10.
Criticised adversely in _Library Journal_, vol. ii.
p. 296.
_Essayists._--A General Index to the Spectators, Tatlers and
Guardians. 1757. Second edition. London (W. Owen),
1760. 12mo. unpaged. In one alphabet.
---- The British Essayists; with prefaces, historical and
biographical, by A. Chalmers, F.S.A. Vol. 38. General
Index. London, 1823. 12mo. title, pp. 277. In one
alphabet.
_Gmelin’s Chemistry._--Index to Gmelin’s Handbook of Chemistry.
By Henry Watts. London, 1872. 8vo. title, pp. 331.
In one alphabet.
_Holme’s Armory._--Index of the Names of Persons contained in
the Academy of Armory and Blazon, by Randle Holme;
printed at Chester in one volume folio, 1688. London
(R. Triphook), 1821. Folio, title, pp. 46.
Only 50 copies printed. In one alphabet, and
contains names of places as well as of persons.
_Howell’s State Trials._--General Index to the Collection of
State Trials, compiled by T. B. Howell and T. J.
Howell. By David Jardine. London, 1828. 8vo. title,
advertisement 1 leaf, pp. 345.
Part 1, Names; Part 2, Miscellaneous Contents.
Appended is “A Table of Parallel References from
Howell’s State Trials to the folio edition by
Hargrave.” The references are given as 15 _vol._
instead of _vol._ 15.
_Hume’s England._--Biographical Index to the History of
England; consisting of an Alphabetical Arrangement
of all the titles and proper names of persons in
Hume’s History of England, with Biographical Articles
attached. By the Rev. S. Y. McMasters, LL.D. Alton
(printed at the Courier Office), 1854. Pp. 672.
_Madox’s Exchequer._--A compleat Index to Mr. Madox’s History
of the Exchequer, serving as a Glossary to explain
uncommon words, to illustrate the original of families
and customs, and the antiquities of the several
counties in England. London, Printed for Francis
Gosling at the Crown and Mitre against Fetter Lane,
Fleet Street, 1741. Folio, unpaged, sheets A to Hhh 1,
in twos.
This Index was made by the editor of Madox’s
_Baronia Anglica_, 1741, and was issued with that
work. It was reprinted in the second edition of the
History of the Exchequer. 2 vols. 4to. 1769. In one
alphabet.
_Oke & Stone._--A Pocket Index to Oke and Stone. By an Essex
Justice [Andrew Johnston]. Gloucester (John Bellows),
1877. 12mo. pp. vii, 56.
This is an Index to “Oke’s Magisterial Synopsis:
a Practical Guide for Magistrates, their Clerks,
Solicitors and Constables. Twelfth edition by T. W.
Saunders. London, 1876.” 2 vols. 8vo. And to “The
Justice’s Manual or Guide to the ordinary duties of
a Justice of the Peace, by the late Samuel Stone,
the eighteenth edition edited by George B. Kennett.
London, 1876.” 8vo.
There is no clue in this Index to the titles of the
books indexed.
_Parliamentary History._--A General Index to the twenty-three
volumes of the Parliamentary or Constitutional History
of England. London (W. Sandby), 1761. 8vo. pp. 712.
_Pennant’s London._--Copious Index to Pennant’s Account of London.
By T. Downes. 1814. 4to. pp. 52, in double columns.
_Pictorial History._--Index to the Pictorial History of England,
forming a complete chronological key to the civil and
military events, the lives of remarkable persons and
the progress of the country in religion, government,
industry, arts and sciences, literature, manners, and
social economy. By H. C. Hamilton. London (Orr & Co.),
1850. Roy. 8vo. pp. iv, 280.
In one alphabet. Dates are largely introduced into
the references.
_Richardson’s Novels._--A Collection of the moral and instructive
sentiments, maxims, cautions, and reflexions contained
in the Histories of Pamela, Clarissa and Sir Charles
Grandison, digested under proper heads, with references
to the volume and page, both in octavo and twelves, in
the respective histories. London (S. Richardson), 1755.
12mo. pp. x, 410.
There is a separate alphabet for each novel.
_Southcott’s Writings._--A General Index to the Writings of Joanna
Southcott, the Prophetess. London, no date. 8vo. pp. 88.
---- Index to the Divine and Spiritual Writings of Joanna
Southcott. By Philip Pullen. London, 1815. 8vo. pp. 240.
_Strype’s Works._--A General Index to the Historical and
Biographical Works of John Strype, A.M. [By the Rev.
R. French Lawrence.] Oxford (Clarendon Press), 1828. 2
vols. 8vo. Vol. 1, pp. iv, 406; Vol. 2, title, pp. 404.
In one alphabet.
_Tytler’s Scotland._--History of Scotland. By Patrick Fraser
Tytler. Third edition. Index. Edinburgh (Black), 1850.
8vo. title, pp. 128. In one alphabet.
_Warton’s English Poetry._--An Index to the History of English
Poetry. By Thomas Warton, B.D. London, 1806. 4to.
In double cols. Six separate Indexes, viz. vol. 1,
pp. 21. Dissertation prefixed to vol. 1, 10 pp.
vol. 2, pp. 20. vol. 3, pp. 27. Gesta Romanorum
(prefixed to vol. 3), pp. 6. Fragment of the fourth
vol. pp. 6.
_Wellington Despatches._--The Index to the Despatches of F. M. the
Duke of Wellington. By Lieut.-Colonel Gurwood. London,
1839. 8vo. pp. 235, in double cols.
_Wesley’s Journals._--A complete and classified Index (to suit
all editions) of the Journals of the Rev. John Wesley,
M.A. By the Rev. Henry Skewes, M.A. London (Elliott
Stock, 62 Paternoster Row, E.C.), 1872. 8vo.
Contents, one page; Index of Places, pp. 1-38;
Index of Persons, pp. 39-43; Index of Books, pp.
44-48; Miscellaneous Index, pp. 49-64.
INDEXES OF ATLASES.
_Adam._--A Geographical Index, being a Supplement to the Summary
of Ancient and Modern Geography. By Alexander Adam,
LL.D. Edinburgh, 1795. 8vo.
Sigs. A to S 3 in double cols.
_Arrowsmith._--Index to the Eton Comparative Atlas of Ancient and
Modern Geography. New and improved edition. London,
1831. Large 8vo. pt. 1, pp. 90, pt. 2, pp. 86.
_Cary._--Cary’s English Atlas. An Index ... London. Folio, pp. 40.
No title-page.
_Hall._--An Alphabetical Index to all the names contained in a
new General Atlas of fifty-three Maps. Constructed
from new drawings and engraved by Sidney Hall. London
(Longmans), 1831. Roy. 8vo. title, pp. 360.
_Johnston._--Index Geographicus, being a List alphabetically
arranged of the principal places on the Globe, with the
countries and subdivisions of the countries in which
they are situated and their latitudes and longitudes.
Compiled specially with reference to Keith Johnston’s
Royal Atlas, but applicable to all modern atlases and
maps. Edinburgh (Blackwood), 1864. Roy. 8vo. pp. iv,
676.
_Ordnance Survey._--Index to the Ordnance Survey of England,
Scotland and Ireland. Folio.
_Useful Knowledge Society._--Index to the Maps of the Society
for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge. 1844.
INDEXES TO PUBLICATIONS OF SOCIETIES.
*_American Pharmaceutical Association._--Proceedings. Index, vol.
1-8, 1852-59, with the Proceedings for 1862. Index,
vol. 9-17, 1860-69, with the Proceedings for 1872.
_Asiatic Society of Bengal._--Index to the first eighteen
volumes of the Asiatic Researches, or Transactions of
the Society, instituted in Bengal for inquiring into
the History and Antiquities, the Arts, Sciences and
Literature of Asia. Calcutta, 1835. 4to. pp. vi, 228.
---- Index to volumes 19 and 20 of the Asiatic Researches
and to the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal.
Calcutta, 1856. 8vo. pp. iv, 274. In one alphabet, with
4 Appendixes--A. Index to Numismatic Papers, etc. By G.
H. Freeling. B. Sykes’s List of Ancient Inscriptions.
C. Index to Geological Papers. By H. Piddington. D.
Table of Indian Coal. By J. Prinsep; and Supplementary
Index.
_British Archæological Association._--The Journal of the British
Archæological Association. General Index to Volumes 1
to 30. By Walter De Gray Birch. London, 1875. 8vo. pp.
225.
In one alphabet. A Table of the Contents of each
volume is appended.
_British Association._--Index to Reports and Transactions of the
British Association for the Advancement of Science,
from 1831 to 1860 inclusive. London, 1864. 8vo. pp. iv,
363.
In six separate alphabets, viz.--_Reports_: Index
of Authors, of Subjects, and of Places; _Sections_:
Index of Authors, of Subjects, and of Places.
_Chemical Society._--Index to the first twenty-five volumes of
the Journal of the Chemical Society, 1848-1872; and to
the Memoirs and Proceedings, 1841-1847. Compiled by
Henry Watts, Editor of the Journal. London, 1874. 8vo.
pp. 268.
In two parts. 1, Index of Names; 2, Index of
Subjects.
_Chetham Society._--General Index to the Remains, Historical and
Literary, published by the Chetham Society, Vols. 1-30.
By C. S. Simms. Manchester, 1863. 4to. pp. viii, 168,
11 leaves of Indexes to separate volumes.
_Geological Society._--A Classified Index to the Transactions,
Proceedings and Quarterly Journal of the Geological
Society of London, including all the memoirs and
notices to the end of 1855. By George Wareing Ormerod.
London (Taylor & Francis), 1858. 8vo. pp. vii, 149.
New edition to the end of 1868, with Supplement to
the end of 1875. 8vo.
_Geological Survey of India._--Contents and Index of the first ten
volumes of the Records of the Geological Survey of
India, 1868 to 1877. Calcutta, 1878. Roy. 8vo. pp. 23.
_Guy’s Hospital._--General Index to the first and second
series of the Guy’s Hospital Reports. London (J.
Churchill), 1856. 8vo. pp. xlii, 106, 58. In one
alphabet.
General Index to the third series ... including
the first ten volumes (1854-1864). 8vo. pp. 26.
General Index ... for Vols. 11 to 20 (1865-1875),
pp. 591-624 of Vol. 20.
_Horticultural Society._--General Index to the first and second
series of the Transactions of the Horticultural Society
of London. 4to. pp. cxxxviii. No title-page.
In one alphabet.
_Institution of Civil Engineers._--Minutes of Proceedings of the
Institution of Civil Engineers. General Index, Volumes
1 to 20. Sessions 1837 to 1860-61. London, 1865. 8vo.
pp. iv, 367.
In one alphabet.
---- General Index, Volumes 21 to 30. Sessions 1861-62 to
1869-70. London, 1871. 8vo. pp. iv, 206.
In one alphabet.
_Institution of Mechanical Engineers._--General Index to
Proceedings, 1847-1873. Birmingham. 8vo. title, pp.
220.
In one alphabet.
_Lancashire & Cheshire._--Historic Society of Lancashire and
Cheshire. Index to the first and second series of
the Society’s Transactions, comprising Vols. 1-24
inclusive, prepared by the Rev. A. Hume. Liverpool (T.
Brakell), 1874. 8vo. pp. iv, 47.
In three parts. 1, Tables of the Contents of
each volume; 2, Alphabetical List of Authors; 3,
Alphabetical List of Subjects.
_Linnean Society._--General Index to the Transactions of the
Linnean Society of London. Vols. 1 to 25. London, 1867.
4to. pp. iv, 107. In two parts. 1, Index to Papers;
2, Index of Genera and Species. A continuation of the
Index, from Vol. 26 to 30, has since been published.
_Liverpool Lit. & Phil. Soc._--Index to Papers contained in the
Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society
of Liverpool. Vols. 1-25. 1844-71. Compiled by Alfred
Morgan, Honorary Librarian. Liverpool (D. Marples),
1871. 8vo. pp. 28.
_Manchester Statistical Society._--Index to the Transactions of the
Manchester Statistical Society from 1853-4 to 1874-5.
By Thomas Read Wilkinson, President of the Society,
1875-6. Manchester, 1876. 8vo. pp. 82.
Contains 1, Table of Contents; 2, List of Tables;
3, Alphabetical Index; 4, Alphabetical List of
Writers.
In two parts. 1, Index of Subjects; 2, Index of
Authors.
_New Zealand Institute._--Transactions and Proceedings of
the New Zealand Institute. Index, vols. 1 to 8. Edited
by James Hector. Wellington, 1877. 8vo. title, pp. 44.
Divided into--1, Index of Authors; 2, Index of
Subjects; 3, Appendix.
_North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical
Engineers._--General Index to the Transactions. Roy.
8vo.
_Parker Society._--A General Index to the Publications of the
Parker Society. Compiled for the Parker Society,
by Henry Gough, of the Middle Temple. Cambridge
(University Press), 1855. 8vo. pp. viii, 811. In one
alphabet.
_Pathological Society._--A General Index to the first fifteen
volumes of the Transactions of the Pathological Society
of London; with a List of Authors and a Classified List
of Subjects. Compiled by T. Holmes. London, 1864. 8vo.
pp. vii, 147.
In two parts. 1, Index of Subjects; 2, Index of
Authors.
---- General Index to the Transactions of the Pathological
Society of London, from Vols. 16 to 25, 1865-74. [By
B. R. Wheatley.] London, 1875. 8vo. pp. v, 134.
In one alphabet.
_Royal Agricultural Society._--General Index to the first
series of the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society
of England, Volumes 1 to 25 London, 1865. 8vo. pp. 214.
In one alphabet.
---- General Index to the second series of the Journal of
the Royal Agricultural Society of England, Volumes 1 to
10. London, 1875. 8vo. pp. 134.
In one alphabet.
_Royal Astronomical Society._--A General Index to the first
thirty-eight volumes of the Memoirs of the Royal
Astronomical Society. London, 1871. 8vo. title, pp. 54.
In one alphabet.
---- A General Index to the first twenty-nine volumes of the
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
comprising the Proceedings of the Society from February
9, 1827, to the end of the session 1868-69. London,
1870. 8vo. title, pp. 212. In one alphabet.
_Royal Geographical Society._--General Index to the Contents
of the first ten volumes of the London Geographical
Journal. Compiled by J. R. Jackson. London, 1844. 8vo.
pp. iv, 216.
In one alphabet. Prefixed are Lists of the Papers
and Maps arranged geographically.
---- General Index to the second ten volumes of the Journal
of the Royal Geographical Society. Compiled by George
Smith Brent; edited by Dr. Norton Shaw. London, 1853.
8vo. pp. 116. Compiled on the same plan as the first
Index.
_Royal Irish Academy._--An Index to the Transactions of the
Royal Irish Academy from its incorporation in 1786 to
the present time [Vols. 1 to 11]. By Nicholas Carlisle.
London, 1813. 4to. pp. viii, 316.
In two parts. 1, Index of the Names of Persons; 2, Index of the Names
of Places and of Subjects.
_Royal Medical & Chir. Soc._--General Index to the first
thirty-three volumes of the Medico-Chirurgical
Transactions, published by the Royal Medical and
Chirurgical Society of London. [By Dr. John Hennen.]
London, 1851. 8vo. pp. lxxx, 236.
In one alphabet. Prefixed is a list of the contents
of each volume, and a list of engravings.
---- General Index to the first fifty-three volumes of the
Medico-Chirurgical Transactions, published by the Royal
Medical and Chirurgical Society of London. [By B. R.
Wheatley.] London, 1871. 8vo. pp. viii, 355. In one
alphabet.
_Royal Society._--A General Index to the Philosophical
Transactions, from the first to the end of the
seventieth volume. By Paul Henry Maty, M.A., F.R.S.,
Under Librarian to the British Museum. London, 1787.
4to. pp. iv, 801.
In two alphabets--1, of the Matter; 2, of the
Writers.
---- A continuation to the Alphabetical Index of the Matter
contained in the Philosophical Transactions of the
Royal Society of London, from vol. 71 (1781) to 110
(1820) inclusive [including a continuation of the Index
of Writers]. London, 1821. 4to. pp. iv, 225.
---- A continuation to the Alphabetical Index ... from vol.
111 (1821) to 120 (1830). London, 1833. 4to. pp. 101.
---- An Index to the Anatomical, Medical, Chirurgical and
Physiological Papers contained in the Transactions of
the Royal Society of London, from the commencement of
that work to the end of the year 1813, chronologically
and alphabetically arranged. Westminster (M. Stace),
1814. 4to. pp. iv, 101. In two divisions.
---- Table des Mémoires imprimés dans les Transactions
Philosophiques de la Société Royale de Londres; depuis
1665 jusques en 1735, rangées par ordre chronologique,
par ordre des matières, et par noms d’auteurs; par M.
de Bremond. Paris, 1739. 4to. title, 3 preliminary
leaves, pp. v, 297, 461, lxxvi.
_Royal United Service Institution._--Index of the Lectures and
Papers contained in vols. 1-10 of the Journal of the
Royal United Service Institution, and also the names of
their Authors. London, 1868. 8vo. pp. 47. Index, vols.
11-20. London, 1878. 8vo. pp. 75. In two alphabets.
_Society of Antiquaries._--An Index to the first fifteen volumes
of Archæologia, or Miscellaneous Tracts relating
to Antiquity; printed by order of the Society of
Antiquaries of London. [By Nicholas Carlisle.] London,
1809. 4to. pp. iv, 290.
In two parts--1, Index of Names of Persons; 2,
Index of Names of Places and of Subjects.
---- An Index to Archæologia, from volume 16 to volume 30
inclusive; published by the Society of Antiquaries of
London. [By Nicholas Carlisle.] London, 1844. 4to. pp.
iv, 309. In one alphabet.
A new and complete Index to the whole set of the
_Archæologia_, from volume 1 to 40, is now being
prepared.
_Society of Arts._--An Analytical Index to the first twenty-five
volumes of the Transactions of the Society instituted
at London for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures,
and Commerce, London, 1807. 8vo. pp. 142.
---- Vol. 26 to 40. 1823. 8vo. pp. 47.
---- Vol. 41 to 50. 1836. 8vo. pp. xxxvi.
---- The Journal of the Society of Arts and of the
Institutions in Union. Index to Vols. 1-10. London,
1863. Roy. 8vo. pp. lvii. In one alphabet.
---- Vols. 11-20. 1873. Roy. 8vo.
_Statistical Society._--Journal of the Statistical Society of
London. General Index to the first fifteen volumes. [By
B. R. Wheatley.] London, 1854. 8vo. pp. vii, 198.
In one alphabet.
---- General Index to Volumes 16-25 (1853-1862), in
continuation of the General Index to the first fifteen
volumes. London, 1863. 8vo. pp. iv, 135.
In one alphabet.
---- General Index to Volumes 26-35 (1863-72) in
continuation of the General Indexes to Volumes 1-15
(1834-52) and 16-25 (1853-62). London, 1874. 8vo. pp.
vii, 152.
In one alphabet.
_Sussex Arch. Society._--Sussex Archæological Collections,
relating to the History and Antiquities of the County,
published by the Sussex Archæological Society. General
Index to Vols. 1 to 25. By Henry Campkin, F.S.A. Lewes,
1874. 8vo. pp. viii, 423. In one alphabet.
_Yorkshire, &c._--An Index to the first eight volumes of Reports
and Papers read at the Meetings of the Architectural
Societies of Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Northampton,
Bedfordshire, Worcestershire and Leicestershire during
the years 1850-66, containing an Analysis of each
Paper, with an Introduction by the Rev. George Rowe,
M.A. Lincoln (Brookes and Viber), n.d. 8vo.
_Zoological Society._--Proceedings of the Zoological Society of
London. Index, 1830-1847. London, 1866. 8vo. pp. iv,
190.
In two parts. 1, List of Contributors; 2, Index of
Species.
---- Index, 1848-1860. London, 1863. 8vo. pp. iv, 304.
In three parts. 1, List of Contributors; 2, List of
Illustrations; 3, Index of Species.
---- Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the
Zoological Society of London. Index, 1861-1870.
London, 1872. 8vo. pp. iv., 481.
In two parts. 1, List of Contributors; 2, Index of
Species.
INDEXES OF PERIODICALS.
_All the Year Round._--General Index to the first twenty
volumes of All the Year Round. 1868. Pp. 32, in three
columns.
Under the headings of Miscellaneous Articles,
Poetry, Tales.
*_American Almanac._--Indexes, ten years each, in vols. 1839,
1849, 1859.
_American Journal._--The American Journal of Science and Arts.
Conducted by Prof. Silliman and Benj. Silliman, jun.
Volume 50. General Index to forty-nine volumes. New
Haven, 1847. 8vo. pp. xviii, 348.
In one general alphabet, with a Supplement of
omitted references and a Register of Plates, Maps
and other Illustrations.
---- Second Series. Vol. 10 (1850) contains Index for Vols.
1-10; Vol. 20 (1855) for Vols. 11-20; Vol. 30 (1860)
for Vols. 21-30; Vol. 40 (1865) for Vols. 31-40; Vol.
50 (1870) for Vols. 41-50.
---- Third Series. Vol. 10 (1875) contains Index for Vols.
1-10.
*_American Journal of Pharmacy._--General Index, 1825-1870.
*_American Jurist and Law Magazine._--In vols. 10 and 20.
_Annual Register._--A General Index to the Annual Register; or,
A Summary View of the History of Europe, Domestic
Occurrences ... from 1758 to 1780, both inclusive.
(The second edition, 1784.) The third edition. London
(Rivington), 1799. 8vo. unpaged. Half-title, “Index
to Dodsley’s Annual Register, Vol. 1, 1758 to 1780.”
Arranged in fourteen alphabets.
---- from 1781 to 1792, both inclusive. London (Rivington),
1799. 8vo. unpaged. Half-title, “Index to Dodsley and
Rivington’s Annual Register, Vol. 2, 1781 to 1792.”
Arranged like the former volume in fourteen
alphabets.
There is also a General Index under seven heads,
from 1758 to 1819. 1826. 8vo. pp. 938.
_Assurance Magazine_, and Journal of the Institute of Actuaries.
General Index to vols. 1-10. By John Nicholson,
Assistant Librarian of Lincoln’s Inn. London, 1864.
8vo.
_Atlantic Monthly._--Index to the Atlantic Monthly, Volumes
i-xxxviii. (1857-1876). By Horace E. Scudder. 1.
Index of Articles (a) General Articles, (b) Editorial
Departments. 2. Index of Authors. Boston (H. O.
Houghton & Co.), 1877. 8vo. pp. 106.
In double columns and interleaved.
_Biblical Repertory and Princeton Review._--Index volume from
1825 to 1868. Philadelphia (Peter Walker), 1871.
This contains also a Retrospect of the history of
the Princeton Review, and an Index to Authors, with
Biographical Notices.
_Bibliotheca Sacra._--Index to the Bibliotheca Sacra, and American
Biblical Repertory. Volumes 1 to 13, containing an
Index of Subjects and Authors, a Topical Index, and
a List of Scripture Texts. By W. F. Draper. Andover
(Mass.), 1857.
---- Index to the Bibliotheca Sacra, volumes 1 to 30. An
Index of Scripture Texts and Texts of Greek and Hebrew
Words. By W. F. Draper. Andover, 1874.
_Blackwood’s Magazine._--General Index to Blackwood’s Edinburgh
Magazine, Vols. 1 to 50. Edinburgh (Blackwood and
Sons), 1855. 8vo. title, pp. 588.
In one alphabet.
_Botanical Magazine._--General Indexes to the Plants contained in
the first twenty volumes of the Botanical Magazine.
London, 1805. 8vo. pp. 53. Partly in double cols.
---- General Indexes to the Plants in the first fifty-three
volumes of the Botanical Magazine. By Samuel Curtis.
1828. 8vo.
_British & For. Med. Rev._--The British and Foreign Medical
Review.... Edited by John Forbes, M.D. Vol. 25, being
a General Index to the preceding twenty-four volumes.
London (J. Churchill), 1848. 8vo. pp. xi, 303. By Dr.
Robert Bower.
In one alphabet.
_British Critic._--A General Index to the first twenty volumes
of the British Critic, in two parts. Part 1 contains a
List of all the Books Reviewed. Part 2 an Index to the
Extracts, Criticisms, etc. London, 1804. 8vo. pp. iii,
386.
---- A General Index to the British Critic, commencing with
the twenty-first and ending with the forty-second or
concluding volume of the first series, in two parts.
Part 1 contains a List of all the Books Reviewed. Part
2 an Index to the Extracts, Criticisms, etc. London,
1815. 8vo. pp. iv, 343.
_Calcutta Review._--Index to the first Fifty Volumes of the
Calcutta Review, in two parts. Calcutta (Thos. J.
Smith), 1873. 8vo.
Part 1. Index to Articles and Books, pp. 196, in
double columns. Part 2. Index to Subjects noticed
incidentally in the Articles contained in Part 1.
Pp. 47, in double columns.
_Companion to the Almanac._--A complete Index to the Companion to
the Almanac, from its commencement in 1828 to 1843
inclusive. London (C. Knight & Co.), 1843. 12mo. title,
pp. 561.
In one alphabet, with a Supplementary Index.
*_Congregational Quarterly_, vol. 1-10.
_Dublin Medical Journal._--A General Index to the Dublin
Medical Journal, from volume 1 to 28, concluding the
first series, from 1832 to 1845 inclusive. 8vo. pp.
127.
In one alphabet.
_Edinburgh Review._--General Index to the Edinburgh Review, from
its commencement in October, 1802, to the end of
the twentieth volume, published in November, 1812.
Edinburgh, 1813. 8vo. pp. v, 515. In one alphabet.
Prefixed is an Index of Authors reviewed.
----, from the twenty-first to the fiftieth volumes inclusive
(1813-1830). Edinburgh, 1832. 8vo. pp. xxi, 513.
In one alphabet, with an Index of the Titles of the
Articles prefixed.
----, from the fifty-first to the eightieth volumes inclusive
(1830-1844). London, 1850. 8vo. pp. 511.
In one alphabet. Prefixed is an Index of the Titles
of the Articles according to the running heads of
each.
----, from the eighty-first to the hundred and tenth volumes
inclusive (1845-1859). London, 1862. 8vo. pp. 474. Same
as previous Index.
----, from the hundred and eleventh to the hundred and
fortieth volumes inclusive (1860-1874). London, 1876.
8vo. title, pp. 431. Same as previous Index.
_Edinburgh Med. and Surg. Journal._--The Edinburgh Medical and
Surgical Journal ... volume twentieth, Index [to the
first nineteen volumes]. Edinburgh (A. Constable &
Co.), 1824. 8vo. pp. vii, 395.
In one alphabet, to which are added Index of _works
reviewed_; and catalogue of Edinburgh Theses, from
1726 to 1823.
_Gentleman’s Magazine._--A General Index to the first fifty-six
volumes of the Gentleman’s Magazine, from 1731 to
the end of 1786. Compiled by Samuel Ayscough, Clerk,
Assistant Librarian of the British Museum. In two
volumes. Vol. 1 containing an Index to the Essays,
Dissertations, and Historical Passages. London (J.
Nichols), 1789. 8vo. pp. iv, 494.
---- Vol. 2, in four parts, containing Indexes to the
Poetical Articles, the Names of Persons and Plates, and
to the Books and Pamphlets. London (J. Nichols), 1789.
8vo. title, pp. 368.
---- from 1787 to 1818, both inclusive. Vol. 3, in two
parts, containing Indexes to the Essays, Dissertations,
Transactions and Historical Passages, and to the
Poetical Articles. With a prefatory Introduction
descriptive of the rise and progress of the Magazine by
John Nichols. London (J. Nichols & Son), 1821. 8vo. pp.
lxxx, 543.
---- Vol. 4, in five parts, containing Indexes to Books
reviewed and Books announced; to the Musical
publications; to the Plates; and to the Names of
Persons. London (J. Nichols & Son), 1821. 8vo. title,
pp. 656.
---- A List of Plates, Maps, etc., in the Gentleman’s
Magazine from 1731 to 1813 inclusive. London (Machell
Stace), 1814. 8vo. pp. iv, 58.
---- A complete List of the Plates and Woodcuts in the
Gentleman’s Magazine, from 1731 to 1818 inclusive, and
an Alphabetical Index thereto. London (J. Nichols &
Son), 1821. 8vo. pp. viii, 226.
_Hansard’s Debates._--General Index to the first and second series
of Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates, forming a Digest
of the recorded Proceedings of Parliament from 1803 to
1830. Edited by Sir John Philippart. London, 1834. Roy.
8vo. pp. v, viii, 743. In several divisions.
_Harper’s Magazine._--An Index to Harper’s New Monthly Magazine,
volumes 1 to 50; from June, 1850, to May, 1875. New
York (Harper & Brothers), 1875. 8vo.
Arranged in one alphabet. Each alternate page has
been left blank, so that the Index can be continued
by any person for a large number of volumes to
come, pp. viii, 580 (including the blank pages), in
double columns.
A previous Index of vols. 1 to 40 was published in
1870.
_Leisure Hour._--Index to the Leisure Hour, vol. 1-25, 1852-76.
royal 8vo. pp. 48 in four-columned pages.
_London Magazine._--The General Index to twenty-seven volumes
of the London Magazine, viz., from 1732 to 1758
inclusive. London, 1760. 8vo. unpaged.
1, Index to the Essays; 2, to the Poetry; 3, of
Names; 4, to the Books.
_London Med. & Phys. Journal._--A General Index to the London
Medical and Physical Journal from Volume 1 to 40
inclusive, containing an analytical Table of their
Contents, arranged in alphabetical order, with
references to the whole of the cited authorities, under
their nominal characters, etc. London (J. Souter),
1820. 8vo. pp. iv, 358.
In one alphabet, with a supplement.
_Medico-Chirurgical Review._--General Index to the new series of
the Medico-Chirurgical Review, volume 1 to volume 20
inclusive (from June 1, 1824, to June 1, 1834). With
an appendix comprising an Index to the series of four
annual volumes, from June, 1820, to April, 1824. London
(S. Highley), 1834. 8vo. title, pp. 110.
_Merchants’ Magazine._--A Compendious Index to the Merchants’
Magazine and Commercial Review, embracing the first two
volumes, from its commencement in July, 1839, to June,
1844, inclusive. New York, 1846.
_Monthly Review._--A General Index to the Monthly Review, from
its commencement to the end of the seventieth volume.
By the Rev. S. Ayscough. In two volumes; Vol. 1
containing a [classified] Catalogue of the books and
pamphlets characterized, with the size and price of
each article, to which is added a complete Index of the
names mentioned in the Catalogue; Vol. 2 containing an
Alphabetical Index to all the memorable passages ...
contained in the Monthly Review. London, 1786. 8vo.
Vol. 1, pp. xi, 714; Vol. 2, title, pp. 571.
---- A continuation of the General Index to the Monthly
Review, commencing at the seventy-first and ending with
the eighty-first volume, completing the first series
of that work, in two parts. Compiled by the Rev. S.
Ayscough. London, 1796. 8vo. pp. iv, 288.
Arranged upon the same plan as the previous Index.
---- A General Index to the Monthly Review, from the
commencement of the new series in January, 1790, to the
end of the eighty-first volume, completed in December,
1816. In two volumes; Vol. 1 containing a Catalogue
of the books and pamphlets.... Vol. 2 containing an
Alphabetical Index. London (J. Porter), 1818. Vol. 1,
pp. ix, 958; Vol. 2, title, table 1 leaf, pp. 624.
_Naturalist’s Miscellany._--General Indexes, in Latin and English,
to the subjects contained in the twenty-four volumes of
the Naturalist’s Miscellany. By the late George Shaw,
M.D., and Rich. P. Nodder. London, 1813. 8vo. pp. 26,
in double cols.
*_New England Historical and Genealogical Register_, vol.
1-15.
_New Englander._--Index to the New Englander, vols. 1-19
(1843 to 1861), containing an Index of Authors, a
topical index, an index of books noticed and reviewed,
and a list of engravings. Vol. 20. New Haven, Conn.
(William L. Kingsley, Editor and Proprietor), 1862.
_New York Daily Tribune._--Index for 1876. The Tribune
Association, New York.
_New York Medical Journal._--General Index to the New York
Medical Journal, from April, 1865, to June, 1876. By
James B. Hunter, M.D. New York (Appleton & Co.), 1877.
_New York Times._--Index to the New York Times for 1865.
Including the Second Inauguration of President Lincoln,
and his Assassination; the Accession of President
Johnson; the close of the 38th and the opening of the
39th Congress, and the close of the War of Secession.
New York (Henry J. Raymond & Co.), 1866.
*_Niles’s Weekly Register_, vol. 1-12, 1811-18.
_North American Review._--General Index to the North American
Review, from its commencement in 1815 to the end of the
25th volume, 1827. Boston (Gray & Bowen), 1829.
---- New and Complete Index, vol. 1-125, 1815-77. By W.
Cushing. Cambridge, Mass., 1878. 8vo. in two parts. 1.
Subjects; 2. Writers.
Reviewed in _Library Journal_, vol. iii. No. 9, p.
343.
_Notes and Queries._--Notes and Queries. General Index to
Series the First, Vols. 1 to 12. [By James Yeowell.]
London (Bell and Daldy), 1856. 4to. pp. iv, 146.
---- General Index to Series the Second, Vols. 1 to 12. [By
J. Yeowell.] London (Bell & Daldy), 1862. 4to. pp. vi,
160.
---- General Index to Series the Third (1862-1867), Vols. 1
to 12. [By J. Yeowell.] London (Office, 43, Wellington
Street), 1868. 4to. pp. iv, 156.
---- General Index to Series the Fourth (1868-1873), Vols. 1
to 12. London (J. Francis), 1874. 4to. title, preface,
1 leaf, pp. 166.
_Pharmaceutical Journal._--Index to fifteen volumes of the
Pharmaceutical Journal. London (J. Churchill), 1857.
8vo. half-title, title, pp. 202, double columns.
In one alphabet.
---- Index to twelve volumes of the Pharmaceutical Journal,
vol. xvi, Old Series (1856) to vol. ix, Second Series
(1868). London, 1869. 8vo. pp. 155, in double cols.
_Philosophical Magazine._--General Index to the Philosophical
Magazine, or Annals of Chemistry, Mathematics,
Astronomy, Natural History and General Science, Volumes
1 to 11 (1827-1832). London (R. Taylor), 1835. 8vo. pp.
50. In one alphabet.
---- General Index to the London and Edinburgh Philosophical
Magazine and Journal of Science ... for Volumes 1 to 12
(1832-1838). London (R. & J. E. Taylor), 1839. 8vo. pp.
58. In one alphabet.
_Practitioner._--General Index to volumes i-xii. London, 1876. 8vo.
pp. 62 in double cols.
_Quarterly Journal of Science._--Index to the first twenty volumes
of the Quarterly Journal of Science and the Arts.
London (J. Murray), 1826. 8vo. title, pp. 218. In one
alphabet.
_Quarterly Review._--The Quarterly Review, Vol. 20. General Index
to the first nineteen volumes. London, 1820. 8vo. pp.
xxiv, 514.
In three parts. 1, Personal Names; 2, Subjects; 3,
New Publications. Prefixed are Lists of Books and
of Authors reviewed.
---- Vol. 40. General Index to Volumes 21 to 39. London,
1831. 8vo. pp. xxxi, 366.
Arranged on the same system as the first Index.
---- Vol. 60. General Index to Volumes 41 to 59. London,
1839. 8vo. title, pp. 612. In one alphabet.
---- Vol. 80. General Index to Volumes 61 to 79. London,
1850. 8vo. pp. 326. In one alphabet.
---- Vol. 100. General Index to Volumes from 81 to 99
inclusive. London, 1858. 8vo. title, pp. 310. In one
alphabet.
---- Vol. 121. General Index to Volumes from 101 to 120
inclusive. London, 1867. 8vo. title, pp. 298. In one
alphabet.
_Repertory of Arts._--An Analytical Index to the sixteen volumes
of the first series of the Repertory of Arts and
Manufactures, being a condensed epitome of that work,
accompanied by Alphabetical Lists of the Authors and
Patentees whose Memoirs and Patents are inserted
therein, and of all Patents granted for Inventions
from the year 1795 to April, 1802. To which is added a
General Index to the first eight volumes of the second
series. London, 1806. 8vo. pp. iv, 232, 43.
The first Index is in two alphabets, the second is
in one.
*_Scribner’s Monthly_, vol. 1-10.
_Times (The)._--An Index to “The Times,” and to the topics and
events of the year 1862. [By J. Giddings.] London (W.
Freeman), 1863. 8vo. pp. vi, 87.
---- An Index to “The Times,” and to the topics and events
of the year 1863. By J. Giddings. London (S. Palmer),
1864. 8vo. pp. xxvii, 201.
---- Index to “The Times” Newspaper, April, 1865, to June,
1878. London (S. Palmer). 4to. 52 vols.
Commenced in 1865 and continued in quarterly
volumes.
_Westminster Review._--A General Index to the Westminster Review,
from the first to the thirteenth volume inclusive, to
which is added an Index of Names. London (R. Heward),
1832. 8vo. half-title, title, pp. 216.
INDEXES TO THE STATUTES.
1215-1714.--The Alphabetical Index to the Statutes of the Realm
from Magna Charta to the end of the reign of Queen
Anne. London, 1824. Folio.
The Chronological Index to the Statutes of the
Realm, from Magna Charta to the end of the reign of
Queen Anne. London, 1828. Folio.
1215-1761.--The Statutes at Large, from Magna Charta to 1761, Vol.
24 being the Index, by Danby Pickering. Cambridge,
1769. 8vo. 2 titles, pp. vii, 633. In one alphabet.
1215-1769.--A Complete Index to the Statutes at Large, from Magna
Charta to the tenth year of George III. inclusive, by
Owen Ruffhead and another gentleman. London, 1772. 8vo.
unpaged. In one alphabet.
1215-1808.--An Index to the Statutes at Large, from Magna Charta to
the forty-ninth year of George III. inclusive. By John
Raithby, of Lincoln’s Inn. In three volumes. London
(Eyre & Strahan), 1814. 8vo. unpaged.
In one alphabet.
1224-1847.--An Index to the Public Statutes from 9 Hen. III. to
10 & 11 Vict. inclusive (excepting those relating
exclusively to Scotland, Ireland, the Colonies and
Dependencies). Analytically arranged and affording a
synoptical view of the Statute Book. In two parts. Part
1 by Henry Riddell and John Warrington Rogers, of the
Middle Temple. London (Benning & Co.), 1848. 8vo. pp.
xiv, half-title, pp. 406.
1727-1834.--An Analytical Table of the Private Statutes, passed
between 1 Geo. II. 1727, and 52 Geo. III. 1812, both
inclusive.... By George Bramwell, of Lincoln’s Inn
Fields. London (T. Davison), 1813. 8vo. unpaged.
---- ---- An Analytical Table of the Private Statutes passed
between 53 Geo. III. 1813, and 4, 5 Will. IV. 1834....
Vol. 2. London, 1835. 8vo. unpaged.
1798-1839.--Index to the Local and Personal and Private Acts,
1798-1839, 38 Geo. III.--2 & 3 Vict. By Thomas Vardon.
London (Hansard’s), 1840. 8vo. title, preface 1 leaf,
pp. 485. In one alphabet.
1801-1828.--Index to the Public General Statutes of the United
Kingdom from January, 1801, to July, 1828. By
B. Spiller, Librarian, House of Commons. London
(Hansard’s), 1829. 4to. pp. xxi, ff. 306.
Printed on one side only, the verso of each leaf
being left blank for additions. In one alphabet.
1801-1865.--An Index to the Statutes, Public and Private, passed in
the several years from the Union with Ireland to the
termination of the eighteenth Parliament of the United
Kingdom, 41 Geo. III. (1801) to 28 & 29 Vict. (1865).
In two parts. Part 1, The Public General Acts, with a
chronological list of Acts repealed. Compiled by order
of the Select Committee on the Library of the House of
Lords, 1867. Folio. Prefatory observations, pp. vii,
pp. 703, clxxi.
Part II. The Local and Personal Acts, Local Acts
and Private Acts in classes. 1867. Pp. vi, 1033.
An Index to the Statute Law of England, by George Stamp;
the third edition brought down to the close of the
Session 24 & 25 Vict. (1861) by James Edward Davis.
London, 1862. 8vo. pp. xcv, 468.
In one alphabet, with a Table of Titles prefixed.
Chronological Table and Index of the Statutes to 1869.
8vo. 1870. Fourth edition, to the end of the Session
of 1877, 40 & 41 Victoria. London, 1878. Roy. 8vo. pp.
xi, 842. Containing Table of Variances; Chronological
Table; Alphabetical Index and Appendices.
_India._--Chronological Table of, and Index to, the Indian Statute
Book from the year 1834, with a General Introduction to
the Statute Law of India. By C. D. Field, M.A., LL.D.
London (Butterworths), 1870. 4to. pp. vi, 1 leaf, pp.
277.
_Ireland._--Index to the Irish Statutes. By Andrew Newton Oulton. 2
vols. with Supplements.
_Year Books, etc._--Repertorium Juridicum. An Index to all
the cases in the year books, entries, reports and
abridgments in Law and Equity; beginning with Edward I.
and continued down to this time. [By Kennett Freeman.]
London, 1742. 2 parts, folio.
INDEXES TO THE JOURNALS OF THE HOUSES OF LORDS AND COMMONS.
_House of Lords._--Calendar of the Journals of the House of
Lords, from the beginning of the reign of Henry VIII.
to 30 Aug., 1642, and from 1660 to 21 Jan., 1808.
[London, 1810.] Folio, pp. xxiii, 779.
---- ---- from 21st Jan., 1808, to 14th Nov., 1826.
[London]. Folio, pp. vii, 288.
General Index to the Journals of the House of
Lords. Vol. 1-10. 1509-1649. [London], 1836. Folio,
title, pp. 679.
Vol. 11-19. 1660-1714. [London], 1834. Folio,
title, pp. 380.
Vol. 20-35. 1714-1779. Compiled by Thomas Brodie.
[London], 1817. Folio, title, pp. 905.
Vol. 36-52. 1780-1819. [London], 1832. Folio,
title, pp. 1027.
Vol. 53-64. 1820-1833. [London], 1855. Folio,
title, pp. 775.
1833-1863. London, 1865. 2 vols. folio.
_House of Commons._--A General Index to the first seven
volumes of the Journals of the House of Commons.
Compiled by Timothy Cunningham. [London], 1785. Folio,
pp. vii, 24 prelim. leaves, pp. 1100. (Vol. 8-11 by
Flaxman, vol. 12-17 by Forster, superseded by the next
article.)
---- General Index to the Journals of the House of Commons,
Vol. 1-17, 1547-1714. By Thomas Vardon and Thomas
Erskine May. [London], 1852. Folio, pp. vii, 1149.
---- A General Index to, or Digest of, seventeen volumes of
the Journals of the House of Commons--
Vol. 18-34, 1714-1774. [By E. Moore.] [London],
1778. Folio, unpaged.
Vol. 35-45, 1774-1790. [By S. Dunn.] [London],
1796. Folio, unpaged.
Vol. 46-55, 1790-1800. [By S. Dunn.] [London],
1803. Folio, unpaged.
Vol. 56-75, 1801-1820. By Martin Charles Burney.
[London], 1825. Folio.
Vol. 75-92, 1820-1837. By Thomas Vardon. [London],
1839. Folio, pp. xx, 1072.
Vol. 93-107, 1837-1852. By Thomas Vardon. [London],
1857. Folio, pp. viii, 1 leaf, pp. 999.
_Ireland._--Index to the Commons’ Journals of Ireland.
INDEXES OF PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS.
_House of Lords._--A General Index to the Sessional Papers
printed by order of the House of Lords or presented
by Special Command, 1801-1837. [London], 1839. Folio,
title, pp. 370.
---- A General Index to the Sessional Papers printed by
order of the House of Lords or presented by Special
Command, from the Union with Ireland to the termination
of the seventeenth Parliament of the United Kingdom,
41 Geo. III. to 22 Vict. (1801-1859). Compiled by order
of the Select Committee on the Library of the House of
Lords. 1860. Folio, pp. 992.
---- A General Index to the Sessional Papers, printed by
order of the House of Lords or presented by Special
Command, from 22 Vict. (1859) to 33 & 34 Vict. (1870).
1872. Folio, pp. xv, 368.
Indexes are published annually in continuation of
this.
_House of Commons._--Indexes to the Reports of the House of
Commons, 1801-1834. 10th July, 1837. Folio, pp. 88.
Divided into the following sections--“Ecclesiastical,”
“Education,” “Finance and Public Accounts,” “Municipal
Reform,” “Debtor and Creditor.”
---- A General Index to the Reports from Committees of the
House of Commons, 1715-1801, forming the series of
fifteen volumes of Reports. [London], 1803. Folio,
title, 1 leaf, pp. 380.
---- General Index to the Reports of Select Committees,
printed by order of the House of Commons, 1801-1852.
[London], 1853. Folio, pp. xxxii, 412.
---- General Index to the Reports on Public Petitions,
1833-1852. [London], 1855. Folio, pp. xxxvi, 984.
---- General Index to the Divisions of the House of Commons,
1852-53-1857. [London], 1857. Folio, pp. x, 202.
---- General Index to the Bills, Reports, Accounts, and
other Papers, printed by order of the House of Commons,
1801-1826. [London], 1829. Folio, pp. iv, 352.
In one alphabet.
---- General Index to the Bills, Reports, Accounts, and
other Papers, printed by order of the House of Commons,
1832-1838. [London], 1840. Folio, title, 1 leaf, pp.
338.
---- General Index to the Accounts and Papers, Reports of
Commissioners, Estimates, &c. &c., printed by order
of the House of Commons, or presented by command,
1801-1852 [London], 1853. Folio, pp. 1, 1080.
---- General Index to the Bills printed by order of the
House of Commons, 1801-1852 [London], 1853. Folio, pp.
xlii, 468.
---- General Index to the Bills, Reports, Accounts, and
other Papers printed by order of the House of Commons
or presented by command, 1852-53-1861. 8 April, 1862.
Folio, Pp. lxii, 1019.
---- General Index to the Bills, Reports, Estimates,
Accounts and Papers printed by order of the House
of Commons, and to the Papers presented by command,
1852-53-1868-69 [London], 1870. Folio, title, pp. 775.
_Charities._--Index to the Reports of the Commissioners for
inquiring Concerning Charities in England and Wales.
London, 1840. Folio, title, pp. 443.
_Historical MSS._--Fourth Report of the Royal Commission on
Historical Manuscripts. Part ii, Index, 1874. Folio,
pp. 615-985.
---- Fifth Report. Part ii, Index, 1876. Folio, pp. 659-985.
---- Sixth Report. Part ii, Index, 1878. Folio, pp. 783-958.
References are made in this index to the columns as
well as to the pages, the columns being designated
by the letters _a_, _b_.
_London Corporation._--An analytical index of the minutes of
Evidence taken before the Commissioners appointed to
Enquire into the state of the Corporation of the City
of London, etc., etc., etc., 1854. Pp. 879-1058.
_Standards._--General Index to the Reports of the Standards
Commission (Reports I. to V.). London, 1878. Folio, pp.
viii, 101. In one alphabet, with a preliminary list of
the entries.
INDEXES TO PROCEEDINGS OF PUBLIC BODIES.
_Boston [Mass.] (City of)._--Index to the City Documents, from
1834 to 1865. Boston, 1866. Pp. 39.
---- from 1834 to 1874. Boston, 1875.
_Canada._--General Index to the Journals of the Legislative
Assembly of Canada, in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd
Parliaments, 1841-1851. By Alfred Todd. Montreal, 1855.
Fol. pp. 575.
_Courts of Equity, etc._--An Index to all the reported Cases
decided in the several Courts of Equity in England and
Ireland, the Privy Council, and the House of Lords;
and to the Statutes on or relating to the Principles,
Pleading and Practice of Equity and Bankruptcy; from
the earliest period. By Edward Chitty. In four volumes.
London, 1853. 8vo.
In double columns.
_Rotuli Parliamentorum._--Index to the Rolls of Parliament,
comprising the Petitions, Pleas and Proceedings of
Parliament, from Ann. 6 Edw. I. to Ann. 19 Hen. VI.
(A.D. 1278-A.D. 1503). Prepared and edited by order of
a Committee of the House of Lords, in part by the Rev.
John Strachey and the Rev. John Pridden, and completed
by Edward Upham. London, 1832. Folio, title, preface 1
leaf, pp. 1036.
In one alphabet.
_Scotland, Free Church._--Handbook and Index to the principal acts
of assembly of the Free Church of Scotland, 1843-1868.
Edinburgh, 1869. 12mo. pp. 63.
_---- Parliaments._--General Index to the Acts of the
Parliaments of Scotland, to which is prefixed a
supplement to the Acts printed by authority of the
Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury. H. M.
General Register House, Edinburgh, M.DCCC.LXXV. large
folio, preface, etc., x. Chronological Table of the
supplement to the Acts of the Parliament of Scotland,
xi. pp. xxiii, 1255.
In double columns.
MISCELLANEOUS INDEXES.
_Augmentation Office._--Index to Particulars for Grants in the
Augmentation Office, temp. Edward VI. folio, n.d. or
place, pp. 28.
Privately printed by Sir Thomas Phillipps.
_Cartularies._--Index to Cartularies, since the Dissolution of
Monasteries. Typis Medio-Montanis, impressit G.
Gilmour, 1839. 12mo.
Privately printed by Sir Thomas Phillipps.
_County Visitations._--Indexes to the County Visitations in the
Library at Middle Hill, 1840, and to a few others in
the Harl. MSS., British Museum, the Bodleian Library
and Queen’s College, Oxford. Typis Medio-Montanis,
impressit C. Gilmour, 1841. Folio, pp. 56.
By Sir Thomas Phillipps, privately printed.
_English Language._--A Glossarial Index to the Printed English
Literature of the Thirteenth Century. By Herbert
Coleridge. London (Trübner & Co), 1859. 8vo. pp. viii,
103.
_Heirs-at-Law._--Index to Heirs-at-Law, Next-of-Kin, Legatees,
Missing Friends, Encumbrances, and Creditors, or
their representatives in Chancery suits, who have
been advertised for during the last 150 years,
containing upwards of 50,000 names relating to vast
sums of unclaimed money. Collected, compiled, and
alphabetically arranged by Robert Chambers. Third
edition. London (Reeves & Turner), 1872. 8vo.
The advertisements are only referred to by numbers,
and further information must be obtained from the
compiler. It is therefore not a true Index, but
only a means for the obtaining of money by the
compiler.
---- De Bernardy’s Index-Register for Next-of-Kin,
Heirs-at-Law, Prize Captors, and of Unclaimed Property.
1754-1856.
_India._--Index to Books and Papers on the Physical Geography,
Antiquities, and Statistics of India. By George Buist,
LL.D. Bombay, 1852. 8vo. pp. 103.
In one alphabet. Chiefly consisting of references
to Indian periodicals.
_Irish Law._--A Digest and Index of all the Irish Reported
Cases in Law and Equity, from the earliest period to
the present time, and also of the Reported Cases in
Ecclesiastical and Criminal Law.... By John Finlay,
LL.D. Dublin (J. Cumming), 1830. 8vo. pp. xix, 600.
_Leases._--Index of Leases of Manors and Lands in England granted
since the Reformation, Annis 4 & 5 Edw. VI. [Edited by
Sir Thomas Phillipps.] 1832.
_Manuscripts._--Guide to the Historian, the Biographer, the
Antiquary, the man of literary curiosity, and the
collector of autographs towards the verification of
Manuscripts, by reference to engraved facsimiles of
handwriting. [By Dawson Turner.] Yarmouth (C. Sloman),
1848. Roy. 8vo. pp. xii, 96.
A most valuable alphabetical Index of the names of
celebrated men, with references to the books where
specimens of their writing can be found.
_Pedigrees._--Index to the Heralds’ Visitations in the British
Museum. 1823. 12mo. pp. 52.
---- An Index to the Pedigrees and Arms contained in the
Heralds’ Visitations and other Genealogical Manuscripts
in the British Museum, by R. Sims. London (J. Russell
Smith), 1849. Pp. vi, 330.
The names are arranged in alphabet under each
county.
---- An Index to the Pedigrees contained in the Printed
Heralds’ Visitations, etc., etc. By George W. Marshall,
LL.M., of the Middle Temple. London (B. Hardwicke),
1866. 8vo. pp. 164.
An Index of the Pedigrees in Berry’s County
Genealogies is incorporated with this Index.
---- Coleman’s General Index to Printed Pedigrees, which are
to be found in all the principal County and Local
Histories and in many privately printed Genealogies,
under alphabetical arrangement, with an Appendix
commencing at page 106. London (J. Coleman), 1866. Pp.
vii, 155.
This Index is said in the preface to contain
references to nearly 10,000 pedigrees.
---- An Index to Printed Pedigrees contained in County and
Local Histories, the Heralds’ Visitations, and in the
more important Genealogical Collections. By Charles
Bridger. London (J. Russell Smith), 1867. 8vo. pp. vi,
384.
Contains separate Indexes to family names in 287
books, and a general Index referring back to these.
_Periodicals._--An Alphabetical Index to Subjects treated in the
Reviews and other Periodicals, to which no indexes
have been published. Prepared for the Library of the
Brothers in Unity, Yale College. [By Wm. Fred. Poole.]
New York, 1848. Pp. 155. In one alphabet.
---- An Index to Periodical Literature. By Wm. Fred. Poole.
New York, 1853. Roy. 8vo. pp. xi, 521.
In one alphabet of subjects.
---- Catalogue of Scientific Papers (1800-1863). Compiled
and published by the Royal Society of London. London,
1867-72. 6 vols., 4to. (1864-1873.) Vol. 7, 1877.
Vol. 1, A-Clu, pp. lxxix, 960; Vol. 2, Coa-Gra,
pp. iv, 1012; Vol. 3, Gre-Lez, pp. v, 1002; Vol.
4, Lhe-Poz, pp. iv, 1006; Vol. 5, Pra-Tiz, pp. iv,
1000; Vol. 6, Tka-Zyl, pp. xi, 763; Vol. 7, A-Hyr,
pp. xxxi, 1047.
The celebrated Dr. Thomas Young published in the second volume of his
_Course of Lectures on Natural Philosophy and the Mechanical Arts_
(1807) a most valuable Catalogue of books and papers relating to the
subject of his Lectures, which is classified minutely, and occupies
514 quarto pages in double columns. In Kelland’s new edition (1845)
the references are abridged and inserted after the several lectures to
which they refer.
_Places._--Index Villaris, or an Exact Register, alphabetically
digested, of all the cities, market-towns, parishes,
villages ... [in England and Wales. By J. Adams.]
London, 1690. Folio, title, 3 preliminary leaves, pp.
419.
In one alphabet, with appendix.
---- Index to the Population Tables of England and Wales and
Islands in the British Seas [of the Census of 1871].
Folio, pp. 570-772.
---- Alphabetical Index to the Townlands and Towns of
Ireland, showing the number of the sheet of the
Ordnance Survey Maps on which they appear; also the
area of the Townlands, the County, the Barony, Parish,
Poor Law Union, and Poor Law Electoral Division in
which they are situated; and the volume and page of the
Census of 1871, part 1, which contain the population
and number of houses in 1841, 1851, 1861, and 1871,
and the Poor Law Valuation in 1871; with separate
Indices of the Parishes, Baronies, Poor Law Unions
(or Superintendent Registrars’ Districts), Poor Law
Electoral Divisions, Dispensary (or Registrars’)
Districts, Petty Sessions Districts, and Parliamentary
Boroughs of Ireland. Presented to both Houses of
Parliament by command of Her Majesty. Dublin, 1877.
Folio, pp. 799.
_Records._--An Index to the Records, with Directions to the
several Places where they are to be found, and
short explanations of the different kinds of Rolls,
Writs, etc.; to which is added A List of the Latin
Sir-Names, and Names of Places, as they are written
in the old Records, explained by the Modern Names.
Also A Chronological Table, shewing at one View the
Year of our Lord, answering to the particular year of
each King’s Reign, the several Parliaments, and the
different Titles by which our Kings are styled in the
Records. London (G. Hawkins), 1739. 8vo. pp. viii, 182.
---- Index to Records called the Originalia and Memoranda on
the Lord Treasurer’s Remembrancer’s Side of the
Exchequer, extracted from the Records, and from the
MSS. of Mr. Tayleure, Mr. Madox and Mr. Chapman.... By
Edward Jones, Inner Temple. London, Printed for the
Editor, 1793, vol. 1. 1795, vol. 2. Folio.
---- An Index drawn up about 1629 of many Records of
Charters granted by the different sovereigns of
Scotland between the years 1309 and 1413, most
of which Records have been long missing. With an
Introduction ... by William Robertson. Edinburgh
(Murray & Cochrane), 1798. 4to. pp. liii, 196.
---- Index to the Printed Reports of Sir Francis Palgrave,
K.H., the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records,
1840-1861. London (Eyre & Spottiswoode), 1865. Pp.
371. By John Edwards and Edward James Tabrum. In one
alphabet.
_Religious Houses._--Fasti Monastici Aevi Saxonici: or an
Alphabetical List of the Heads of Religious Houses in
England previous to the Norman Conquest; to which is
prefixed a Chronological Catalogue of Contemporary
Foundations. By Walter De Gray Birch. London (Taylor &
Co.), 1873. 8vo.
_Sermons._--An Index to the Sermons published since the
Restoration, pointing out the texts in the order they
lie in the Bible; showing the occasion on which they
were preached, and directing to the volume and page
where they occur. London (J. Newbery, etc.), 1751. 8vo.
pp. iv, 212.
Arranged according to the order of the Books of the
Bible.
---- The Preacher’s Assistant. In two parts. Part 1, A
Series of the Texts of all the Sermons and Discourses
preached upon, and published since the Restoration to
the present time. Part 2, An Historical Register of all
the Authors in the Series, containing a succinct view
of their several works. To which are added two Lists of
the Archbishops and Bishops of England and Ireland from
1660 to 1753, with an appendix to each part. By Sampson
Letsome, M.A., Vicar of Thame, in Oxfordshire. London,
1753. 8vo. pp. xii, 288; part 2, title, pp. 238.
---- The Preacher’s Assistant (after the manner of Mr.
Letsome).... By John Cooke, M.A. ... Rector of Wentnor,
Salop. Vol. 1. Oxford (Clarendon Press), 1783. Pp. xii,
487.
An Historical Register of all the Authors in the
Series, alphabetically disposed. Vol. 2, pp. 425.
---- The Churchman’s Guide: a copious Index to Sermons and
other Works. By John Forster, M.A. London, 1840. 8vo.
List of Authors of Miscellaneous Sermons, pp. 6.
Index of Subjects, pp. 210.
---- Cyclopædia Bibliographica.... By James Darling.
Subjects: Holy Scriptures. London (Darling), 1859. Roy.
8vo.
Contains an Index of Sermons arranged under the
texts.
_Theology._--Theological Index. References to the Principal Works
in every department of Religious Literature, embracing
nearly 70,000 citations, alphabetically arranged under
2000 heads. By Howard Malcom, D.D., LL.D. Boston (Gould
& Lincoln). 8vo. pp. 488.
A second edition has been published.
---- Index to Systematic Theology. By Charles Hodge, D.D.
London and Edinburgh, 1873. 8vo. pp. 79 in double cols.
_Wills._--An Index to Wills proved in the Court of the Chancellor
of the University of Oxford, and to such of the records
and other instruments and papers of that Court as
relate to matters or causes testamentary. By the Rev.
John Griffiths, M.A., Keeper of the Archives. Oxford
(University Press), 1862. Roy. 8vo. pp. xiv, 88. In one
alphabet, with a chronological list appended.
INDEXES TO CATALOGUES.
_British Catalogue._--Index to the British Catalogue of Books
published during the years 1837 to 1857 inclusive. By
Sampson Low. 1858. 8vo.
pp. 292, xxx, and xlviii, in double columns, really
compiled by Dr. Crestadoro, Librarian of the
Manchester Free Library.
---- An Index to Current Literature, comprising a Reference
to Author and Subject of Every Book in the English
Language, and to Articles in Literature, Science and
Art in Serial Publications, 1859, 1860, 1861. London
(Sampson Low, Son, & Co., 47 Ludgate Hill), 1862.
This most valuable Index was published quarterly;
its failure is a loss to literature, for it was
very carefully compiled.
_London Catalogue of Books._--Classified Index, 1814 to 1846.
London (Hodgson), 1848. 8vo.
---- 1816 to 1851. London (Hodgson), 1853. 8vo.
_College of Surgeons._--Classified Index to the Catalogue of the
Library of the Royal College of Surgeons. London, 1853.
8vo.
_Lambeth Library._--An Index of such English Books printed
before the year 1600 as are now in the Archiepiscopal
Library at Lambeth. Published by ... the Rev. S. R.
Maitland, Librarian. London (F. & J. Rivington), 1845.
8vo. pp. xii, 120.
_Med. and Chir. Soc._--Index to the Catalogue of the Library
of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society of London,
containing an alphabetical List of Subjects, with the
names of the authors. [By B. R. Wheatley.] London (J.
E. Adlard), 1860. 8vo. pp. vii, 293.
A new Catalogue and a new Index are now in the
press.
_New York State Library._--Subject-Index of the General
Library. Albany, 1872. 8vo. pp. xviii, 651.
_Trin. Coll. Camb._--An Index to such English Books printed
before the year 1600 as are now in the Library of
Trinity College, Cambridge. By Edward Cranwell, Under
Librarian. Cambridge, 1847. 8vo. pp. 68.
MANUSCRIPTS.
_Baker MSS._--Index to the Baker MSS., by Four Members of the
Cambridge Antiquarian Society. 1848. 8vo.
_Bodleian Library._--Index to the Catalogue of the Manuscripts of
Elias Ashmole preserved in the Ashmolean Museum, and
now deposited in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. By the
Rev. W. D. Macray. Oxford, 1866. 4to. pp. 188 in triple
cols.
In one alphabet.
---- Index to the Catalogue (vols. 1 and 2) of the Rawlinson
MSS. in the Bodleian Library. By the Rev. W. D. Macray.
Oxford, 1878. 4to. pp. 565-992.
_British Museum._--Index to the Additional MSS. with those of
the Egerton Collection, 1783-1835. London, 1849. Fol.
pp. iv, 514.
---- Indexes to the Additional MSS, 1836-1845. London, folio.
---- Preface and Index to the Catalogue of the Harleian MSS.
London, 1763. Fol.
INDEX.
Abbott (E.), Concordance to Pope, 77
Abecedarie, as a synonym of Index, 10
Acrostic, as a motto for an Index, 69
“Acuerdo Olvido,” a supposed author, 52
Adam (A.), Geographical Index, 82
Adams (J.), Index Villaris, 105
Adjectives, when to be used as catchwords, 72
---- (Substantival), as headings, 44
Agassiz, Bibliographia Zoologiæ, 32
---- ---- blunder in, 50
Agricultural (Royal) Society, Index to Journal, 86
Aler (Paul), editor of the “Gradus ad Parnassum”, 29
Alison’s History of Europe, Index, 78
All the Year Round, Index, 89
Allibone’s Dictionary of Authors, _alluded to_, 19, 25, 27, 53
---- ---- the forty Indexes, 28
Almanac, Index to the Companion to the, 91
---- ---- marks of repetition in, 67
Almanac (American), Indexes, 89
Alphabet (_one_) for Indexes, 71
Alphabetical Arrangement, difficulties of, 58
Alunno (F.), Index to Boccaccio, 29
American Almanac, Indexes, 89
“American Bookseller”, 34
American Journal, Indexes, 89
American Journal of Pharmacy, Index, 89
American Jurist and Law Magazine, Index, 89
American Pharmaceutical Association, Index to Proceedings, 83
‘Anleitung’ as an author, 61
Annual Register, Index, 89
Anonymous Books, arrangement of, in the British Museum Catalogue, 29
(note)
Antonio (N.), value of his “Bibliotheca Hispana”, 20
---- arrangement of the Index, 20
---- his quotation of the remark that an Index should be made by the
author of the book, 19, 21
Aquin (D’) quotes ‘Mantissa’ as an author, 52
Arago’s Works, divided Index to, 57
Architectural Societies of Yorkshire, etc., Index, 88
Archæologia, Indexes, 87
Archæological (British) Association, Index to the Journal, 83
Archæological Epistle to Dean Milles, not by Mason, but by Baynes, 27
Armytage (G. J.), Index to Dugdale’s Visitation of York, 79
Arrowsmith’s Atlas, Index, 82
Ashmole MSS., Index, 108
Asiatic Society of Bengal, Index to Asiatic Researches and Journal, 83
Assurance Magazine, Index, 89
Astronomical (Royal) Society’s Memoirs, 34
---- Indexes to Memoirs and Monthly Notices, 86
“Athenæum” (The), 50
---- uselessness of the Indexes from their subdivisions, 57
---- want of a general Index, 48
---- suggestion of an Index Society in 1877, 37
Athenæum Library Catalogue, Index of Subjects, 36
Athenæus, blunder in the Index to Dalechamp’s edition, 21
Atlantic Monthly, Index, 90
Atlases, Indexes of, 82
Augmentation Office, Index to Grants, 102
Authorities to be Indexed, 73
“Ayenbite of Inwyt,” Table of Contents to the book, 7
Ayscough’s (Rev. S.) Indexes, 25, 46
---- Index to the Gentleman’s Magazine, 92
---- Index to the Monthly Review, 93
---- Index to Shakespeare, 77
Bachaumont, Mémoires de, 51
Baillet, his General Index in thirty-two folio volumes, 21
Baker MSS., Index, 108
Baret’s Alvearie, use of the words Index and Table in the book, 10
Barker (E. H.), Index to his edition of Stephens’s Thesaurus, 25
Baronius, noble Index to his “Annales Ecclesiastici”, 14
Bayle, his opinion on the need of judgment in the compilation of an
Index, 21
Baynes (John), his terrible curse, 27
Beaconsfield (Earl of), editor of Isaac Disraeli’s Works, 53
Bentley attacked in an Index by Dr. King, 16
Best (Mr. Justice), reference to his “great mind”, 44
Bible, Concordances to the, 28, 75-76
----, Indexes to the, 76
Biblical Repertory and Princeton Review, Index, 90
Bibliographical Research, rapid growth of the taste for, 34
Bibliotheca Sacra, Index, 90
“Bibliothecar. Chetham.,” his contribution to a General Index, 37
“Biglow Papers,” humorous Index to it, 18
Bigsby’s Thesaurus Siluricus, 35
---- Thesaurus Devonico-Carboniferus, 35
Billings (Dr. J. S.), his proposed National Catalogue of Medical
Literature, 33
Binney (Hon. Horace), proposed punishment for the publisher of an
indexless book, 27
Biographie Moderne, blunder in, 60
Biographie Universelle, life of an imaginary person, 50
Birch (W. De Gray), Fasti Monastici Aevi Saxonici, 106
---- Index to the Journal of the British Archæological Association, 83
Births, Deaths and Marriages, arrangement of newspaper lists of, 66
Bishops, their signatures a source of trouble to some, 64
---- to be arranged under their family names, 63, 72
Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, Index, 90
Blomefield’s History of Norfolk, Index Nominum, 78
Blomfield’s (Bishop) review of Barker’s edition of Stephens’s
Thesaurus, 25
Boccaccio, Index to his words and phrases, 29
Bochart (M.), called an Index the soul of big books, 21 (note 12)
Bodleian Library, Indexes to Catalogues of MSS., 108
Bolton (H. C.), Bibliography of the History of Chemistry, 34
---- Index to the Literature of Manganese, 34
Book-Analyst and Library Guide, 34
Bookseller’s ‘reason’ for not giving an Index, 13
Boston (Mass.), Indexes to City Documents, 101
Botanical Magazine, Indexes, 90
Bowyer (William), praise of one of his Indexes, 25
“Boyle upon Bentley”, 16
Bramwell (G.), Table of the Private Statutes, 97
Brayley’s Surrey, Indexes to, 56
Bremond (-- de), Table des Mémoires dans les Transactions
Philosophiques, 87
Brent (G. S.), Index to the Journal of the Geographical Society, 86
Bridger’s Index to Pedigrees, 79, 104
Brigham le jeune _for_ Brigham Young, 61
Brightwell (D. B.), Concordance to Tennyson, 78
British and Foreign Medical Review, Index, 90
British Archæological Association, Index to the Journal, 83
British Association Reports, 34
---- ---- General Index in six Alphabets, 57, 83
British Catalogue of Books, Index, 36, 107
British Critic, Indexes, 25, 90
British Museum Catalogue, 63
---- ---- arrangement of Anonymous Books, 29 (note), 43
---- Rules for Cataloguing, 70
---- Indexes to Catalogues of MSS., 36, 108
Broch (J. K.), an imaginary author, 50
Brodie (Thomas), Index to the Journals of the House of Lords, 99
Bromley’s (William) Travels, ill-natured Index made to them by his
enemies, 17
Brown (Arthur), Treatise on different calculi, attributed to him, 50
Browne’s (Sir Thomas) “Religio Medici,” the errata uncorrected in
several editions, 65
Brunet (G.) translates ‘White Knights’ as _Le Chevalier Blanc_, 52
Brussels Academy’s Memoirs, 34
Buckland (Dr.), said to be the author of a work “sur les ponts et
chaussées”, 53
Buffon’s Natural History, Index to the Plates, 78
Buist, Index to Books and Papers on India, 103
Bulwer Lytton (Sir Edward), Lord Lytton, his numerous names, 62, 63
Burke’s Landed Gentry, Index to, 78
Burney (M. C.), Index to the Journals of the House of Commons, 99
Burton (Hill), “Book Hunter,” allusion to the power in the hands of
an Indexer, 16
---- History of Scotland, Index, 79
Calcutta Review, Index, 91
Calendar, as a synonym of Index, 7, 11
Calendars of State Papers, 31
Calendarium, use of the word in English books, 7
Cambridge Concordance, 75
Cambridge, Trinity College, Index of Books printed before 1600, 108
Camden Society Publications, projected Index to, 36
Campbell (Lord), proposed punishment for the publisher of an
indexless book, 27
---- his confession, 28
---- good index to Lives of the Lord Chancellors, 46
Campkin (H.), his Index to the Sussex Archæological Collections, 26,
88
Camus, an imaginary author, 50
Canada, Index to the Journals of the Legislative Assembly, 101
Canadian Journal, bad Indexes to, 42-43
Capgrave’s Chronicle of England, blunder in the Index, 49
Carlisle (Nicholas) Index to Archæologia, 87
---- Index to the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, 86
Carlyle (Thomas), Index to his Works, 79
---- his reference to Prynne’s “Histrio-Mastix”, 14
---- he denounces the putters forth of indexless books, 27
---- his remarks on the want of Indexes to the standard Historical
Collections, 39
Cartularies, Index to, 102
Carus (J. V.), Bibliotheca Zoologica, 32
---- ---- blunders in the Index, 57
Cary’s English Atlas, Index, 82
Catalogue, as a synonym of Index, 11
Catalogue of Scientific Papers, 32, 104
Catalogues, Indexes to, 107-108
Cataloguing, Rules for, 70
Census of 1871, Index, 105
“Centralblatt,” various German, 34
Chadwick (J. N.), Index Nominum to Blomefield’s Norfolk, 78
Chambers (R.), Index to Heirs-at-Law, 102
Channing, two Doctors of the name, how to be distinguished, 68
Charities, Index to the Commissioners’ Reports, 101
Chatillon, compiler of the “Gradus ad Parnassum”, 29
Chemical Society’s Journal, 33
---- ---- Index, 83
Chemistry, Bibliography of the History of, 34
Chetham Society’s Index, 84
Chitty (E.), Index to Cases in Courts of Equity, 101
---- his grudge against Justice Best, 45
Chorley (Josiah), Metrical Index to the Bible, 76
Christian Observer, Index to, by Macaulay, 26
Cicero, his joke about Pollex and Index, 8
---- his use of the word Index, 8
Cinthio’s Novel turned into _November_ by Warburton, 53
Clarke (Mrs. Cowden), Concordance to Shakspere, 25, 77
Clarke’s (Wm.) Roman, Saxon, and English Coins, Index to it, 25
Classification _v._ the Alphabetical Arrangement, 56
Clergyman and Dissenting Minister of the same Name, 69
Cleveland (C. D.), Concordance to Milton, 77
Cobbett’s _Woodlands_ quoted, 55
Cohen, the former name of Sir Francis Palgrave, 63
Coke (Lord Chief Justice), an inaccurate man, 31
Coleman (J.), Index to Printed Pedigrees, 104
Coleridge (H.), Glossarial Index, 102
College of Surgeons, Index to the Catalogue, 107
Commons (House of), Indexes to Reports, Bills, Papers, etc., 100, 101
---- Indexes to Journals, 99
Companion to the Almanac, Index, 91
Conant (T. J.), Index to the American Encyclopædia, 79
Concordances to the Bible, 28; first, in 1247, 28; first English, by
Marbeck, 28; first English to New Testament, 28
---- list of, 75-78
Congregational Quarterly, Index, 91
Congress Library, U.S., Index to old Catalogue, 47
Connecticut Academy, 34
Contractions, dangers in filling them out, 53
Cooke (J.), The Preacher’s Assistant, 106
Copland’s Dictionary of Practical Medicine, 35
Corpus Christi Guild, York, incomplete Index to the Register of, 48
Cotton’s (C.) Concordance, 75
County and Local Histories, need of Indexes to them, 39
County Visitations, Indexes to, 102
Courts of Equity, etc., Index to Cases, 101
Cranwell (E.), Index to Books printed before 1600 in the Library of
Trinity College, Cambridge, 108
Crestadoro (Dr.), his Index to the British Catalogue of Books, 36, 107
Croker’s (Wilson) discovery of the blunders in the Mémoires de Louis
XVIII., 51
Cross (J. Ashton), his pamphlet on a Universal Index, 37
---- paper before the Conference of Librarians, 37
Cross references in an epitaph, 55
---- need of care in the use of, 54
---- use and abuse of, 72
Cruden’s (Alex.) Concordance, 29, 76
Cruttwell (Rev. C.), Concordance of Parallels collected from Bibles
and Commentaries, 76
Cunningham (T.), Index to the Journals of the House of Commons, 31, 99
Curtis (F. A.), on the best method of constructing an Index, 58
Curtis (S.), Indexes to the Botanical Magazine, 90
Cushing (W.), Index to the North American Review, 94
Cutter’s Rules for Cataloguing, 62, 70
Cyclopædia (Appleton’s Annual), Index, 79
---- (English), Index, 79
“Da,” surnames not to be arranged under this prefix, 60, 71
“Dal,” surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 71
Darling’s Cyclopædia Bibliographica, 36, 106
“De,” French surnames not to be arranged under this prefix, 60, 71
De Bernardy’s Index-Register for next-of-kin, 103
Dedication of an Index, 13
“Del,” “Della,” surnames to be arranged under these prefixes, 71
De Morgan (Prof.) on the Index to Jeake’s “Arithmetick”, 38
---- on the length of life of bibliographies, 62
---- Index of authors to his Arithmetical Books, 48
De Quincey’s specimen of a French Abbé’s Greek, 51
‘Derselbe’ as an author, 61
“Des,” surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 71
Devils of use in a printing office, 69
Differential Calculus misread as different calculi, 49
Dircks’s Worcesteriana, blunder in, 50
Disraeli’s (Isaac), Works edited by the Chancellor of the Exchequer,
53
---- Curiosities of Literature, quoted, 22, 54, 57, 66
Donis (Nicholas), an imaginary author, 50
Doran (Dr.) on “Best’s great mind”, 45
Dorus Basilicus, an imaginary author, 50
Douce (Francis), 27
Downame’s (J.) Concordance, 75
Downes’ (T.) Index to Pennant’s London, 81
Draper (W. F.), Index to the Bibliotheca Sacra, 90
Drayton, his use of the word Index, 7
Dublin Medical Journal, Index, 91
“Du,” surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 71
Dugdale’s (Sir W.) Visitation of York, Index, 79
---- Antiquities of Warwickshire, use of the words Index and Table in
that book, 10
Duncan (J.), Index to the Encyclopædia Britannica, 79
Dunn (S.), Indexes to the Journals of the House of Commons, 99
Eadie’s Dictionary of the Bible, cross reference in, 54
Edgeworth’s Essay on Irish Bulls, arranged under the head of Zoology,
57
Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal, Index, 91
Edinburgh Review, Indexes, 91
Edwards (J.), Index to Reports of the Deputy Keeper of the Records,
106
Egerton MSS., Index to, 108
Encyclopædia (American), Index, 79
Encyclopædia Britannica, useless cross reference in, 55
---- ---- Index, 79
---- Metropolitana, Index, 79
Engelmann’s praiseworthy Bibliographies, 32
Engineers, see _Institution_; _North of England_.
England, Parliamentary History of, Index, 81
---- Pictorial History of, Index, 81
“Enriched with two lists,” a supposed author, 52
Erasmus, his use of Alphabetical Indexes, 8
Errata, should they be Indexed?, 65
----, instances of malicious, 66
Essayists, Indexes to the, 79
Exchequer Records, Index to, 105
Fabiani (Ferdinand), his blunder in a name, 52
Fasti Monastici Aevi Saxonici, 106
Field (C. D.), Index to the Indian Statute Book, 98
Finlay (J.), Index of Irish Cases in Law and Equity, 103
Flaxman (Dr. Roger), payment for Parliamentary Indexes, 31
---- Index to the Journals of the House of Commons, 99
---- Johnson angry with him on account of the entry _Mr._ John Milton
in the Index to the Ramblers, 64
Fleming (Abraham), the index-maker of Shakespeare’s day, 10
Ford’s Handbook of Spain, amusing reference in, 55
Forster (J.), The Churchman’s Guide, 106
Forster (Rev. Mr.), Parliamentary Indexer, 31
---- Index to the Journals of the House of Commons, 99
Freeling (G. H.), Index to Numismatic Papers, 83
Freeman (K.), Repertorium Juridicum, 98
Fuller (Thomas), his praise of Indexes, 12
---- his Index to the ‘Pisgah-sight of Palestine’, 12-13
Furness (Mrs. H. H.), A Concordance to Shakespeare’s Poems, 78
Gallager (Owen), 61
Gentleman’s Magazine, Indexes, 25, 92
---- badness of the Index of names, 46
Geographical (Royal) Society, Indexes to the Journal, 86
Geological Society, Index to Transactions, Proceedings, and Journal,
84
Geological Survey of India, Index to the Records, 84
Gerarde’s Herbal, by Johnson, use of the words Index and Table in
that book, 10
Giddings (J.), Indexes to _The Times_, 96
Giraldus, his story of the crowd of devils attracted by false
passages in a book, 69
Girdlestone’s (Rev. C.) Concordance to the Psalms, 76
Glaisher (J. W. L.), account of early books on Logarithms, 34
Glanville’s ‘Vanity of Dogmatizing,’ quotation from, 12
Glossarial Index to English Literature of thirteenth century, 102
Gmelin’s Handbook of Chemistry, Index, 80
Gomme (G. Laurence), Letter to the “Athenæum” on an Index Society, 38
Gough (H.), Index to Parker Society’s Publications, 85
Gradus ad Parnassum, 29
---- in the British Museum Catalogue, 29 (note 18)
Green (Rev. J.), Concordance to the Liturgy, 77
Greenhill (Dr.), on the formation of an Index Society, 70
Griffiths (Rev. J.), Index to Wills in the Court of the Chancellor of
the University of Oxford, 107
‘Grundriss’ as an author, 61
Gruteri Thesaurus Inscriptionum, Index to the book by Scaliger, 20
Guarini placed among Ecclesiastical writers on account of his _Il
Pastor Fido_, 57
Gurwood’s Despatches of the Duke of Wellington, Index, 82
Guy (D.), Index to Dr. Watts’s Psalms, 78
Guy’s Hospital Reports, Index, 84
Haidinger and Hauer, their names mixed up, 50
Hall’s (Sidney) General Atlas, Index, 82
Hallam’s Constitutional History, good Index to, 46
Haller, as great a bibliographer as he was a physiologist, 31
Halliwell (J. O.), Hand-Book Index to Shakespeare, 78
Hamilton (H. C.), Index to the Pictorial History of England, 81
Hamst (Olphar), pseud. for Ralph Thomas, 48, 52
Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates, Index, 92
Hardy (Sir T. Duffus), remarks on the “Pye-Book”, 11 (note 7)
Hare’s Walks in London, Index, 44
Harleian MSS., Index to, 108
Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, Index, 92
Harrison (Robert), he proposes the formation of an Index Society in
the “Athenæum”, 37
Harvard University, 35
Hawkins’s Pleas of the Crown, absurd cross references in, 55
Headings, instances of bad, 43
---- arrangement of, 71
---- printing of, 73
Hector (J.), Index to Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand
Institute, 85
Hennen (J.), Index to the Medico-Chirurgical Transactions, 86
Henrietta Maria, not alluded to in Prynne’s Index, 15 (note 9)
Heralds’ Visitations, Indexes to, 102, 103
Hericourt (Achmet d’), Annuaire des Sociétés Savantes, 53
Heirs-at-Law, Indexes to, 102-103
Hervey’s (R. F.) Concordance, 75
Hesketh (Fleetwood), 61
Heskeths, their change of name, 62
Hippocrates, dedication of the Index to his Aphorisms, 13
Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire, Index to Transactions, 84
Historical Collections, need of Indexes to those standard works, 39
Historical MSS. Commission, Indexes to Reports, 101
Hitopadesa quoted as the fables of the damned Calilve, 51
Hodge (C.), Index to Systematic Theology, 107
Holden (Edward S.), Index of Books and Memoirs relating to Nebulæ, 35
---- Index of Books and Memoirs on the Transits of Mercury, 35
Holland (Philemon), the translator-general, 10
Holme’s Academy of Armory, Index, 80
Holmes (T.), Index to Transactions of the Pathological Society, 85
Homer, Poetical Index to Pope’s translation of the Iliad, 23
---- Concordance to the Iliad, 76
Horticultural Society, Index to Transactions, 84
House of Commons Journals, sums paid for the Indexes, 31
Howell’s “Discourse concerning the Precedency of Kings”, 13
Howell’s State Trials, Index, 80
Hume (Rev. A.), Index to Transactions of Historic Society of
Lancashire and Cheshire, 84
Hume’s History of England, Biographical Index to, 80
Hungarians place the Surname before the Christian name, 61
Hunt (Leigh), his opinion on Index-making, 22, 24
---- supposed author of the joke on Best’s great mind, 45
Hunter (J. B.), Index to the New York Medical Journal, 94
Hutchins’s Dorset, separate Indexes to, 56
I and J to be kept distinct, 59, 71
“Incorporation,” first use of the term, 48
Index, history of the word, 7-11
---- use by the Romans, 8
---- naturalization of the word in English, 8
---- introduced in the nominative case, 8
---- the French word, 11
---- the German word, 11
---- alphabetical order not at first considered essential in one, 9
---- long struggle with the word Table, 10-11
---- said to be the soul of a book, 21
---- not to be subdivided, 56
---- answers to objections to a General Reference Index, 40
---- various opinions on the value of Indexes, 12-13, 27
---- Indexes not necessarily dry, 14, 22
---- satirical and humorous Indexes, 16-18
---- Indexes of sentiments and opinions, 23
---- special and subject Indexes, 28-36, 39
---- Preliminary List of English Indexes, 74-108
Index Expurgatorius not a true Index, 8, 74
Index learning, authors continually warning readers against it, 12
Index Society, sense in which its title should be understood, 7
---- account of the various attempts to found one, 36-38, 70
---- answer to the question, what can such a Society do?, 38-40
Indexers, power in their hands, 15
---- no writers more read, 19
---- celebrated, 20-21, 24-26
---- proposed formation of a staff of, 37
Indexing--compilation, 41-55
---- arrangement, 56-66
---- printing, 66-70
---- Rules, 71-73
India, Index to Books and Papers on, 103
---- said to be conquered by Judas Maccabeus, in Capgrave’s
Chronicle, 49
Indian Statute Book, Index, 98
Indical, word used by Fuller, 12
Indice, the word used by Ben Jonson, 8
---- the French word, 8, 11
---- the Italian word, 8, 11
---- the Spanish word, 11
Indices, objection taken to the use of this plural in English, 9
(note 4)
Indicium, the original of the French Indice, 11
Initials, careless use of, 64
Inquisition (The), ingenious mode of outwitting, 66
Institute of Actuaries, Index of Journal, 89
Institution of Civil Engineers, Index to Proceedings, 84
Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Index to Proceedings, 84
Inventory, as a synonym of Index, 11
Ireland, Index to the Commons’ Journal of, 99
---- Index to the Townlands and Towns of, 105
Irish (Royal) Academy, Index to the Transactions, 86
Irish Cases in Law and Equity, Index, 103
Irish Statutes, Index, 98
Italians sometimes place the surname before the Christian name, 61
J. C., ludicrous filling out of these initials, 53, 70
Jackson (J. R.), Index to the London Geographical Journal, 86
Jardine (D.), Index to Howell’s State Trials, 80
Jazon, an imaginary author, 51
Jeake’s “Arithmetick surveighed and reviewed,” Index to, 38
Jebb (Bishop) confused with his uncle, the Unitarian writer, 50
Jevons (Prof. Stanley), his suggestion of an Index Society, 37
Jewel’s Apology, by Isaacson, bad Index to, 43
Johnson (Dr.) advises Richardson to add an Index to his novels, 23
---- preface to his Dictionary quoted, 41
---- his anger at Milton being styled _Mr._ John Milton, 64
Johnston (Andrew), Pocket Index to Oke and Stone, 80
Johnston’s (Keith) Index Geographicus, 82
Jones (Edward), Index to Records, 105
Jones (Thomas), his contributions to a General Index, 36
Jonson (Ben), his use of the word Indice, 8
Journals and Transactions, indexing of, 72
Juvenal, the Venice edition of 1478, the first book with a printed
errata, 65
Keble’s Christian Year, Concordance to, 77
King (Dr. William), the inventor of satirical Indexes, 16
---- his attack upon Bentley in the Index to “Boyle upon Bentley”, 16
---- his parody of Lister’s “Journey to Paris”, 17
---- his attack upon Sir Hans Sloane, and the “Philosophical
Transactions”, 17
Knobel (E. B.), Chronology of Star Catalogues, 34
“La,” surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 60, 71
‘Labia Dormientum,’ title of a book, 57
Lambeth Library, Index of Books printed before 1600, 107
Lamoignon (M. de), his library, 21
Lancashire and Cheshire, Historic Society of, Index, 84
Latinised names of celebrated men, 61
Lawrence (Rev. R. French), Index to Strype’s Works, 81
Lawyers good indexers, 29
“Le,” surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 71
Leases of Manors and Lands, Index of, 103
Le Clerc, his appreciation of the work of the indexer, 20, 21
Leisure Hour, Index, 93
Letsome (S.), the Preacher’s Assistant, 106
Lewis (Sir George Cornewall), the supposed editor of Isaac Disraeli’s
Works, 53
Libraries (Public) in the United States, Special Report, 42
Library Association of United Kingdom, Index to the Report of the
Conference of Librarians, 39
Library Association (American), Rules for Cataloguing, 62, 70
“Library Table”, 34
Link, de Stellis Marinis, arranged under the head of Astronomy, 57
Linnean Society, Index to the Transactions, 85
Lister’s “Journey to Paris,” parodied by Dr. King, 17
Littré, his derivation of Indice, 11
Liturgy, Concordance to the, 77
Liverpool, Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire, Index, 84
Liverpool Literary and Philosophical Society, Index to Proceedings, 85
Logarithms, Account of early books on, 34
London (George), his name often spelt Loudon, 49
London (William), the bookseller, mistaken for Bishop Juxon, 65
London Catalogue, Index, 107
London Corporation, Index to Minutes of evidence taken before the
Commissioners, 101
London Institution Catalogue, 36
London Library Catalogue, Index, 36
London Magazine, Index, 93
London Medical and Physical Journal, Index, 93
Lords (House of), Indexes to Sessional Papers, 99-100
---- Indexes to Journals, 98-99
Loudon (C. J.), the Duke of Wellington mistakes his signature for
that of the Bishop of London, 49
Louis XVIII., Memoirs of, a mendacious compilation, 51
Low (Sampson), Index to the British Catalogue, 36, 107
---- Index to Current Literature, 107
Lowell’s “Biglow Papers,” humorous Index to the book, 12
Lyttelton’s (Lord) History of Henry II. has a long list of errata, 66
Lytton (Lord), his numerous names, 62
M‘ and Mc to be arranged as if written Mac, 72
Macaulay an Indexer at the age of fifteen, 25
---- Indexers treated with contempt by him, 26
---- his objection to the indexing of his History by a Tory, 15
McEwen on the Types, arranged under the head of Printing, 57
McMasters (Rev. S. Y.), Index to Hume’s History of England, 80
Macray (Rev. W. D.), Index to the Catalogue of Ashmole MSS., 108
---- Index to the Catalogue of Rawlinson MSS., 108
Madox’s History of the Exchequer, Index to, 80
Maitland (Rev. S. R.), Index of Books printed before 1600 in the
Lambeth Library, 107
Maittaire (M.) prides himself on his talent for Index-making, 24
Malcom (H.), Theological Index, 107
Manchester Free Library Catalogue, Index, 36
Manchester Statistical Society, Index to Transactions, 85
Manganese, Index to the Literature of, 34
Mantissa, a supposed author, 52
Manuscripts, Guide to the verification of, 103
---- Indexes of, 108
Marbeck (J.), Concordance to the Bible, 28, 75
Markland (J. H.), remarks on Indexing, 27, 45, 46
Marshall (G. W.), Index to Pedigrees, 104
“Mass, Anatomy of the,” has a long list of errata, 65
Maty (P. H.), Index to the Philosophical Transactions, 25, 87
May (T. Erskine), Index to the Journals of the House of Commons, 99
Medical and Chirurgical Library, Index to Catalogue, 36, 108
---- ---- Indexes to the Transactions, 86
Medical Literature, Bibliography of, 33
Medico-Chirurgical Review, Index, 93
“Menagiana,” quotation from, 21 (note 12)
Merchants’ Magazine, Index, 93
Merewether and Stephens’s History of Boroughs alluded to, 48
Meyerbeer, his name a union of Christian- and Sur-names, 63
Michel’s (Dan) ‘Ayenbite of Inwyt,’ Table of Contents to the book, 7
Military Magazines (German), Index to, 36
Milton, Concordance to, 77
Minsheu, his use of the word Index, 10
Misprints, the Indexer must be on his guard against them, 49
Mr., use of this word in an Index, 64
Montaigne’s Essays, Index to Cotton’s Translation, 22
Monthly Magazine quoted, 55
Monthly Review, Indexes, 25, 93-94
---- late use of the word Table in that work, 11
---- quotation from, 19
Moody (J.), epitaph on, 55
Moore (Edward), Index to the Journals of the House of Commons, 31, 99
More (Hannah), Macaulay’s letter to her, 26
Morgan (A.), Index to Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical
Society of Liverpool, 85
Moreri, makes an author named Dorus Basilicus, 50
Morris’s Catalogue of British Fossils, 35
Name is that by which a person is known, 62
---- one, divided into two, 51
---- two of the same, often confused together, 68
---- surname placed before the Christian name, 61
Names, rules for the arrangement of foreign and English,
respectively, 60, 71
---- two rolled into one, 50
---- authors arranged under their Christian names, 20
---- rule for the arrangement of compound names, 60, 72
---- Latinised names of celebrated men, 61
Napier’s Bones, works on, arranged under the head of Anatomy, 57
Naturalists’ Miscellany, Indexes, 94
Nebulæ, Index of Books and Memoirs relating to, 35
New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Index, 94
New Englander, Index, 94
New York Lyceum of Natural History, Annals of, 34
New York Medical Journal, Index, 94
New York State Library, Index to the Catalogue, 36, 108
New York Times, Index, 94
New York Daily Tribune, Index, 94
New Zealand Institute, Index to Transactions and Proceedings, 85
Newman’s (Samuel) Concordance, 75
Next-of-Kin, Indexes to, 102-103
Nichols (John), Indexes to his “Literary Anecdotes” and
“Illustrations”, 25, 46
Nicholson (J.), Index to Assurance Magazine, 89
Nicolai (John), turned into a place, 51
Niles’s Weekly Register, Index, 94
North American Review, Indexes, 94
North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers, Index
to Transactions, 85
“Notes and Queries”, 46, 69
---- announcement in its pages of the projected formation of an Index
Society in 1854, 36
---- Indexes, 95
Noy’s (Attorney-General) reference to Prynne’s Index, 14
Numerals to be used for number of volumes, 73
Oke and Stone, Pocket Index to, 80
Oldys (William) on the need of Indexes, 19-20
Ordnance Survey, Index, 83
Oriuna, the supposed wife of Carausius, 52
Ormerod (G. W.), Classified Index to the Geological Society, 84
Oulton (A. N.), Index to the Irish Statutes, 98
Ovid, Index to Sandys’s translation, 22
Oxford, Bodleian Library, Indexes of Ashmole and Rawlinson MSS., 107
---- Index of the Wills in the Court of the Chancellor of the
University, 107
Oxford (Robert Harley Earl of), reported to be the author of the
Index to Bromley’s Travels, 18
Page, division of the Indexed, 73
Palgrave (Sir Francis), his former name Cohen, 63
---- Index to his Reports as Deputy Keeper of the Records, 106
Pall Mall Gazette, letters in, by “A Lover of Indexes”, 37
Parker Society Publications, Index to, 36, 85
Parliament, Indexes to the Journals of the Houses of Lords and
Commons, 98-99
---- Index to the Rolls of, 102
Parliamentary Debates, Index, 92
Parliamentary History of England, Index, 81
Parliamentary Papers, Indexes of, 99-101
Pathological Society, Indexes to Transactions, 85
Payne (Thomas) mistaken for Tom Paine, 50
Peacock (Edw.), remarks on the badness of the Index to Whitelock’s
Memorials, 47
---- suggests a List of Indexes, 74
Pedigrees, Indexes to, 103
Peers to be arranged under their titles, 62, 72
---- their signatures a source of trouble to some, 64
Pennant (T.), Index to Buffon, 78
---- Index to his Account of London, 81
Penny Cyclopædia, vague cross references in the, 54
Pepys’s Diary, marks of repetition in the Index, 68
Periodicals, Indexes of, 89-96, 104
Perkins, (F. B.), on Book Indexes, 42
Peru, Present State of, 51
Pharmaceutical Journal, Indexes, 95
Pharmaceutical (American) Association, Index to Proceedings, 83
Philippart (Sir John), Index to Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates, 92
Phillipps (Sir Thomas), Indexes, 102-103
Philosophical Magazine, 34
---- Indexes, 95
Philosophical Transactions, Indexes, 87
---- laughed at by Dr. King, 17
Pickering (Danby), Index to the Statutes at Large, 97
Picus of Mirandula, an edition of his works, published in 1507, has a
long list of errata, 65
Piddington (H.), Index to Geological Papers, 83
Pilpay’s Fables quoted as the fables of the damned Calilve, 51
Pineda (Juan de), Index to his “Monarchia Ecclesiastica”, 13
Places, Indexes of, 105
Plateau (J.), Bibliographie Analytique des principaux phénomènes
subjectifs de la Vision, 34
Plays, Prynne’s attack upon, 14
Pliny’s Naturall Historie of the World, use of the words Index and
Table in that book, 10
Plutarch’s Lives, by North, the Index called a Table, 10
‘Pollex’ contrasted with ‘Index’, 8
Polybiblon: Revue Bibliographique Universelle, 34
Poole’s (W. F.) Index of Periodical Literature, 35, 104
---- the projected third edition, 35
---- his remarks on the abuse of cross references, 54
---- on the defects of classification, 56
Pope (A.), Concordance to the Works of, 77
Population Tables, 1871, Index, 105
Practitioner, Index, 95
Prefixes in surnames, rules regarding them, 60, 71
Prendergast (G. L.), Concordance to the Iliad, 76
---- Concordance to Milton, 77
Pridden (Rev. J.), Index to the Rolls of Parliament, 102
Prinsep (J.), Table of Indian Coal, 83
Printing of an Index, 66
---- of the headings, 73
Prynne’s “Histrio-Mastix,” specimens from the Index, 14-15
Prynne, a martyr to his conscientiousness in making an Index, 14
Psalms, Concordances to the, 76
Pullen (P.), Index to Joanna Southcott’s Writings, 81
“Pye” as a synonym of Index, 11 (note 7)
“Pye-Book,” derivation of the word, 11 (note 7)
“Quarterly Journal of Science,” Index, 16, 95
Quarterly Review, Indexes, 95-96
Quérard (J. M.), Thomas’s notice of his life, 48, 52
Quotations to be Indexed, 73
Raithby (J.), Index to the Statutes at Large, 97
Rambler, Index to, 64
Rawlinson MSS., Index, 108
Rawlinson’s (Dr.) note on the Index to Bromley’s Travels, 17
‘Rechenbuch’ as an author, 61
Records, Index to the, 105
Register, as a synonym of Index, 7, 10, 11
---- the German word for Index, 11
Religious Houses, Alphabetical List of the Heads of, 106
Repertory of the Acts, Index, 96
Repetition, marks of, in an Index, 67
Reuss, Repertorium commentationum, 32
Richardson (S.), Tables to Clarissa, 23
---- Index to his three novels, 23, 81
---- a practised Indexer, 24
Richmond and Gordon (Duke of), his signature mistaken for that of a
firm, 65
Riddell (H.) and J. W. Rogers, Index to the Public Statutes, 97
Riding (West) of Yorkshire, attempted derivation by a Frenchman, 53
Robertson (W.), Index to the Charters granted by Sovereigns of
Scotland, 105
Rogers (H.), his appreciation of the work of the Indexer, 19
Rolls of Parliament, Index, 102
Roman de la Higuera (Geronymo) transformed into ‘Father Geronymo, a
Romance of La Higuera’, 51
Rowe (Rev. George), Index to Reports of the Architectural Societies
of Yorkshire, etc., 88
Royal Society attacked by Dr. King, 17
---- Catalogue of Scientific Papers, 32, 104
---- Indexes to the Philosophical Transactions, 87
Ruffhead (Owen), Index to the Statutes at Large, 97
Rules for obtaining Uniformity in the Indexes of Books, 71-73
Ruskin’s Notes on the Construction of Sheepfolds arranged under the
head of Agriculture, 57
St. to be arranged in the alphabet as Saint, 72
Saints to be arranged under their proper names, 72
Salisbury (Bishop of), mistaken for a Mr. John Sarum, 65
Scaliger, his Index to Grater’s “Thesaurus Inscriptionum”, 20
Scarron, his malicious erratum, 66
Schmidt (A.), Shakespeare-Lexicon, 77
Scientific Papers, Catalogue of, 104
Scobell’s ‘Acts and Ordinances,’ use of the words Index and Table in
that Book, 10
Scotland, Index to the Acts of Parliament, 102
---- Index to the Acts of the Free Church, 102
---- Index to Charters granted by Sovereigns of, 105
Scribner’s Monthly, Index, 96
Scudder (H. E.), Index to the Atlantic Monthly, 90
Scudery (Mdlle. de), her notice of a dedicated Index, 13
Seal (Great), Treatise on, arranged under the head of Zoology, 57
Seignelay-Colbert de Castle Hill, Bishop of Rhodez, 51
Seneca, his indication of the contents of his books, 7
---- his use of the word Index, 8
Sermons, Indexes to, 106
Shaftesbury (Earl of), misprint in his letter to “The Times”, 53
(note 35)
Shakespeare, his use of the word Index, 9
---- Concordances to, 25, 77-78
Shaw (G.) and R. P. Nodder, Indexes to Naturalists’ Miscellany, 94
Shenstone’s “Schoolmistress,” ludicrous table of contents, 22-23
Silliman’s American Journal, Indexes, 89
Simms (C. S.), Index to the “Remains” published by the Chetham
Society, 84
Sims (R.), Index to Pedigrees and Arms, 103
Skewes (Rev. H.), Index to Wesley’s Journals, 82
Sloane (Sir Hans) laughed at by Dr. King, 17
Societies, Indexes to Publications of, 83
Society of Antiquaries, Indexes to Archæologia, 87
Society of Arts, Indexes to Transactions and Journals, 88
Solly (Edward), he proposes the formation of an Index Society, 37
---- on “Best’s great mind”, 45, 46
Southcott’s (Joanna) Writings, Indexes, 81
Southey’s “Doctor,” headings to the chapters, 23
Spectators, Tatlers and Guardians, General Index, 24, 43, 79
Speed’s History of Great Britaine, use of the words Index and Table
in that book, 11
Speed (S.) reason for not adding an Index to one of Howell’s works, 13
Spiller (B.), Index to Public Statutes, 97
Stamp (G.), Index to the Statute Law, 98
Standards Commission, Index to Reports, 101
Star Catalogues, Chronology of, 34
Statistical Society, Indexes to the Journal, 88
---- (Manchester), Index to Transactions, 85
Statutes, Indexes to the, 96-98
Steele’s (Sir Richard) Indexes, 24
Stenography, article on, in Rees’s Cyclopædia, 51
Stephen (Sir J. Fitzjames), on a complete digest of the Law, 30
---- on the early digesters of the Law, 31
Stone’s Justice’s Manual, Index, 80
Strachey (Rev. J.), Index to the Rolls of Parliament, 102
Strype’s (J.) Works, Index, 81
Summary, as a synonym of Index, 7, 11
Surname, What is a?, 59
Sussex Archæological Collections, Index, 26, 88
Swift’s analytical table to his ‘Tale of a Tub’, 22
---- account of the condition of Edmund Curll, 26
---- bad index to his Works, edited by Scott, 46
Swinburne’s “Under the Microscope” arranged under the head of Optical
Instruments, 57
Sykes (B.), List of Ancient Inscriptions, 83
Syllabus, as a synonym of Index, 7, 8, 11
Table, as a synonym of Index, 7, 10, 11, 14
---- present use of the word to describe a summary of the contents of
a book, 11
---- late use of the word in the sense of an Index, 11
---- the French word, 11
Tabrum (E. J.), Index to Reports of the Deputy Keeper of the Records,
106
Tabula, use of the word in English books, 7
Tatler, Index to the, 22, 24
Tedder (H. R.), his full Index to the Report of the Conference of
Librarians, 39
Telegraph Engineers’ Society, Index to the Journal, 43
Tennyson, Concordances to, 78
Ter _for_ tertius, as an affix to a name, 64
Theology, Indexes to, 107
Theses and Inaugural Dissertations, 32
Thevenot’s Travels, 50
Thomas (Ralph), Notice of Quérard, full index to it, 48
Thoms (W. J.), his references to indexing, 19, 27
Thring (Sir Henry), his Instructions for an Index to the Statute Law,
29, 41, 42
“Times (The),” arrangement of the names in the lists of Births,
Deaths, and Marriages, 66
---- Indexes, 96
Titles (misleading) of books, 57
Todd (A.), Index to the Journals of the Legislative Assembly of
Canada, 101
Todd (Rev. H. J.), Verbal Index to Milton, 77
Topographical works, need of indexes to the chief, 39
Transactions, indexing of, 72
Transits of Mercury, Index of Books and Memoirs on the, 35
Trials (State), Index to, 80
Trinity College, Cambridge, Index to Books printed before 1600, 108
Turner (Dawson), Guide to the verification of Manuscripts, 103
Twiss (Francis), Verbal Index to Shakspeare, 25, 77
Tytler’s (P. F.) History of Scotland, Index, 81
U and V to be kept distinct, 59, 71
United Service (Royal) Institution, Index of Lectures and Papers, 87
Upham (E.), Index to the Rolls of Parliament, 102
Useful Knowledge Society, Index to the Maps, 83
“Van,” surnames not to be arranged under this prefix, 60, 71
Vardon (T.), Index to Local and Personal and Private Acts, 97
---- Indexes to the Journals of the House of Commons, 99
Viar (S), an imaginary saint, 52
‘Viol and Lute,’ a collection of Poems, arranged under the head of
Musical Instruments, 57
“Von,” surnames not to be arranged under this prefix, 60, 71
Walpole’s Letters, bad index to, 46
Walton (Bp.) imagines an author named Camus, 50
Warburton’s (Bishop) blunder in filling out contractions, 53
Warton’s History of English Poetry, Index, 82
Watt’s Bibliotheca Britannica, 50
---- ---- Index, 35
Watts (Dr.), his warning against index learning, 12
---- Index to his Psalms, 78
Watts (H.), Index to Gmelin’s Handbook of Chemistry, 80
---- Index to the Journal of the Chemical Society, 83
Watts (Mr.), his objection to the use of an uncomplimentary adjective
in an Index, 16
Watts (Thomas), on the formation of an Index Society, 70
Wellington (Duke of), Index to his Despatches, 82
---- amusing misreading of Loudon’s letter, 49
Wesley’s Journals, Index, 82
Westminster Review, Index, 96
Wheatley (B. R.), paper on an ‘evitandum’ in Index-making alluded to,
28, 45, 54
---- Index to the Medico-Chirurgical Transactions, 86
---- Index to the Catalogue of the Library of the Medical and
Chirurgical Society, 108
---- Index to Transactions of the Pathological Society, 85
---- Index to the Journal of the Statistical Society, 88
‘White Knights’ translated as ‘Le Chevalier Blanc’, 52
Whitelock’s Memorial, Index to one volume folio edition made to do
duty for four volume octavo edition, 47
Wickens (Robert), Concordance, 75
Wilkinson (T. R.), Index to Transactions of Manchester Statistical
Society, 85
Wills in the Court of the Chancellor of the University of Oxford,
Index, 107
Wilson (Rev. H. B.), Index to the Family Bible, 76
Winsor (Justin), Bibliographical Contributions, 35
---- letter to the “Athenæum” on an Index Society, 38
---- his “Handbook for Readers”, 74
Winton (George), the signature of Bishop Tomline, 65
Worcester’s (Marquis of) Century of Inventions, 50
Wrong (Abstract), a crime never committed, 18 (note 10)
Wynford (Lord), previously Sir W. D. Best, 45
Xeucathle, a disguised form of Newcastle, 61
Year Books, etc., Index to, 98
Yeowell (J.), Indexes to the Notes and Queries, 95
Young (Brigham), called Brigham le jeune in the _Biographie Moderne_,
61
Young (T.), Lectures on Natural Philosophy, 104
Zoological Record, 33
Zoological Society, Indexes to Proceedings, 88
STEPHEN AUSTIN AND SONS, PRINTERS, HERTFORD.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] _Rosamond’s Epistle_, lines 103-4.
[2] “Etiam vellem mihi mittas de tuis librariolis duos aliquos, quibus
Tyrannio utatur glutinatoribus, ad cetera administres: iisque imperes
ut sumant membranulam, ex qua _indices_ fiant, quos vos Græci (ut
opinor) συλλάβους appellatis.”--Ad. Atticum lib. iv. ep. 4.
[3] _Discoveries_, ed. 1640, p. 93.
[4] I would here, under cover of our great poet’s name, protest against
the use of the plural _indices_. As long as a word continues to take
the plural form of the language from which it is borrowed, we cannot
look upon it as thoroughly naturalized. Surely Index may be considered
an English word when it was treated as such by Shakespeare.
[5] My friend Mr. Furnivall draws my attention to the fact that Fleming
was the index-maker of Shakespeare’s day as Philemon Holland was the
translator.
[6] Some in the present day seem to be of the same opinion as Baret,
for we occasionally hear of an _Index Rerum_ instead of an _Index of
Subjects_.
[7] Another word occasionally used in the sense of an Index is _Pye_,
which has been supposed to be derived from the Greek Πίναξ. The late
Sir T. Duffus Hardy, in some observations on the derivation of the word
“Pye-Book,” remarks that the earliest use he had noted of _pye_ in this
sense is dated 1547--“A Pye of all the names of such Balives as been to
accompte pro anno regni regis Edwardi Sexti primo.”--Appendix to the
35th Report of the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records, p. 195.
[8] Noy calls it an Index, but Prynne, in conformity with the usual
practice, writes _Table_.
[9] The book was published six weeks before Henrietta Maria acted in a
pastoral at Somerset House, so that the passage “women actors notorious
whores” could not have been intended to allude to the Queen. See
Cobbett’s “State Trials,” vol. 3, coll. 561-586.
[10] This is the last entry but one in the index, and I cannot resist
the pleasure of adding in a note the passage here indexed:--
“I’m willin a man should go tollable strong Agin wrong in the abstract,
for that kind o’ wrong Is ollers unpop’lar an’ never gits pit’ed,
Because it’s a crime no one never committed.”
[11] “Idcirco celebris quidam scriptor nostræ gentis, quò significaret
eam curam ejus esse debere, cujus cura opus ipsum constitit, urbane,
salseque ajebat, Indicem libri ab authore, librum ipsum à quovis alio
conficiendum esse.”--Nicolaus Antonius, Bibliotheca Hispana, 1672, tom.
2, p. 371.
[12] “M. Bochart ... me prioit surtout d’y faire [i.e. his
Diogenes Laertius] un _Index_, étant, disoit-il, l’âme des gros
livres.”--_Menagiana_, Paris, 1729, tome i. p. 75.
[13] Nichols’s Literary Anecdotes, vol. iii. p. 46.
[14] Notes and Queries, 2nd series, vol. vii. p. 469.
[15] Notes and Queries, 5th series, vol. viii. p. 87.
[16] See Transactions of the Conference, p. 88.
[17] For full title see p. 75.
[18] I searched in vain for the date of the first edition of the
_Gradus_, until I was so fortunate as to find it in the valuable
article on “Dictionaries” in the new edition of the _Encyclopædia
Britannica_. Little information was to be obtained from the British
Museum Catalogue, owing to the complicated arrangement of the anonymous
books. I looked into the new General Catalogue under the heading
_Parnassus_, where the book should have been entered according to the
rules, and there was only one edition of the present century. I then
turned to _Gradus_, and there was a reference to an edition by Valpy.
I knew that there must be some earlier edition, so I went to the old
General Catalogue and there I at once found among others an “editio
novissima” (Coloniæ Agrippinæ, 1687). When the book was in my hands
I noticed that it was marked to be catalogued under the heading of
“Dictionaries,” where I venture to think few would look for it. This
experience is related here as a good illustration of the inconvenience
of classification in an Alphabetical Catalogue.
[19] These instructions, with specimens of the proposed Index, are
printed in the _Law Magazine_ for August, 1877, 4th series, vol. 8, p.
491.
[20] _Plan of an English Dictionary._
[21] Fourth series, vol. 44.
[22] Vol. 43, p. 1.
[23] Vol. 4, p. 151.
[24] Vol. 10.
[25] Vol. 11.
[26] Vol. x. p. 356.
[27] “The Rushworths, Whitlockes, Nalsons, Thurloes; enormous folios,
these and many others have been printed, and some of them again
printed, but never yet edited,--edited as you edit wagon-loads of
broken bricks and dry mortar simply by tumbling up the wagon! Not one
of those monstrous old volumes has so much as an available Index. It is
the general rule of editing on this matter. If your editor correct the
press, it is an honourable distinction.”--_Carlyle’s Introduction to
Cromwell’s Letters and Speeches._
[28] Law Magazine, August, 1877.
[29] See Rule 9, on page 72.
[30] See Rule 10 on page 72.
[31] This evil is enlarged upon in a paper “On an ‘Evitandum’ in
Index-making, principally met with in French and German Periodical
Scientific Literature, by B. R. Wheatley.”--Transactions and
Proceedings of the Conference of Librarians, 1877, pp. 88-92.
[32] A Martyr to Bibliography: a Notice of the Life and Works of
Joseph-Marie Quérard, Bibliographer ... By Olphar Hamst, Esq. London
(J. Russell Smith), 1867.
[33] De Quincey’s Works, ed. 1862, vol. 8, p. 180.
[34] Notice of Quérard, by Olphar Hamst, 1867.
[35] A friend asks me to give chapter and verse for this blunder,
but it will be seen that nothing is more difficult than to find an
authority for misprints which are corrected as soon as they are found
out, perhaps even in the proof. A curious misprint occurred in _The
Times_ in a letter from Lord Shaftesbury (August, 1878), who wrote of
the Bulgarians that “they panted for liberty,” but was made by the
printer to say “they prated of liberty.”
[36] See Rule 11, p. 72.
[37] Library Journal.
[38] My brother (Mr. B. R. Wheatley) writes as follows of Allibone’s
forty Indexes: “What however shall we say of the sub-indexes which
really have no existence whatever, except in the list of their titles
at the commencement? Take, for instance, the first--Alchemy--which
refers you to Class or Index 8, which is Chemistry. How much nearer
are you to Alchemy?--it is a more secret science in the Index than
it was in the middle ages--you have 500 names under Chemistry, and
you must look out the whole of them before you find the philosopher’s
stone which lies hid in this five-century crucible of mixed
ingredients.”--Trans. Conference of Librarians, 1877.
[39] See Rules 1 and 2, p. 71.
[40] “On the best method of constructing an Index, by F. A. Curtis,
of the Eagle Insurance Office,” in the _Assurance Magazine_, vol. 8
(1858), pp. 54-57. See also _Notes and Queries_, 2nd S. vi. 496, 3rd S.
iv. 371.
[41] See Rule 3.
[42] Rule 4.
[43] See Rule 5.
[44] _Da_ in Portuguese is a compound of preposition and article.
[45] See Rule 8.
[46]
“When I asked his name, said, in a thick, gobbling kind of
voice:
‘Sawedwadgeorgeearllittnbulwig.’
‘Sir what?’ says I quite agast at the same.
‘Sawedwad--no, I mean Mistawedwad Lyttn Bulwig.’”
--Thackeray’s _Memoirs of Mr. Charles J. Yellowplush_.
[47] See Rule 7.
[48] Library Journal, vol. iii. No. 1.
[49] American Library Association Report (Library Journal, vol. iii.
No. 1, March, 1878, p. 15, col. 1).
[50] Lindenau, Zeitschrift für Astronomie, 1816.
[51] In the case of little known men, whose Christian names are not
given, it may sometimes be necessary to use the Mr.; for instance, in
Pepys’s Diary, if this word were not added to certain of the persons
mentioned, there would often be confusion between the names of persons
and of places.
[52] See Rule 17.
[53] 2nd Series, vol. i. p. 481.
Transcriber’s Notes.
Italic text is indicated with _underscores_, bold text with =equals=.
Small/mixed capitals have been replaced with ALL CAPITALS.
The “missing” text in the inscription [PRÆFECTU]S . VIAR[UM] on page 52
has been enclosed in square brackets, in place of the small capitals
used by the author.
Evident typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected
silently. Inconsistent spelling/hyphenation has been normalised.
Plinie’s (page 10 and Index) has been corrected to Pliny’s.
Inconsistent capitalisation of Index -es, -ed, -er, -ing is retained.
The possessive form Nichols’s, Sandys’s, Stephens’s etc. is the
author’s.
End of page footnotes have been sequentially numbered and relocated to
the end of the book.
Index references to “note” have been modified to include the relevant
note number.
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